{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,30]],"date-time":"2025-07-30T12:13:04Z","timestamp":1753877584479,"version":"3.41.2"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"1","funder":[{"name":"Emerging Infections Program"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,23]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>We investigated hospitalized carbapenem-resistant Enterobacterales (CRE) and extended-spectrum \u03b2-lactamase\u2013producing Enterobacterales (ESBL-E) cases with and without COVID-19, as identified through Emerging Infections Program surveillance in 10 sites from 2020 to 2022.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>We defined a CRE case as the first isolation of Escherichia coli, Enterobacter cloacae complex, Klebsiella aerogenes, K oxytoca, K pneumoniae, or K variicola resistant to any carbapenem. We defined an ESBL-E case as the first isolation of E coli, K pneumoniae, or K oxytoca resistant to any third-generation cephalosporin and nonresistant to all carbapenems tested. Specimens were drawn from a normally sterile site or urine among hospitalized residents of the surveillance area in a 30-day period. We defined COVID-19 as a positive SARS-CoV-2 test result (SC2+) within 14 days before CRE or ESBL-E specimen collection and performed multivariable logistic regression analyses.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Of 1595 CRE and 1866 ESBL-E hospitalized cases, 38 (2.4%) and 60 (3.2%), respectively, had a SC2+. Among these cases, a SC2+ was associated with intensive care unit admission (adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 1.69 [95% CI, 1.14\u20132.50]; aOR, 1.48 [95% CI, 1.03\u20132.12]) and 30-day mortality (aOR, 1.79 [95% CI, 1.22\u20132.64]; aOR, 1.94 [95% CI, 1.39\u20132.70]).<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>CRE and ESBL-E infections among hospitalized patients with preceding COVID-19 were uncommon but had worse outcomes when compared with cases without COVID-19. COVID-19 prevention in patients at risk of CRE and ESBL-E infections is needed, as well as continued infection control measures and antibiotic stewardship for patients with COVID-19.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/ofid\/ofae745","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,26]],"date-time":"2024-12-26T17:25:31Z","timestamp":1735233931000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["An Observational Study to Determine the Prevalence of COVID-19 Among Hospitalized Patients With Multidrug-Resistant Enterobacterales Infections and Clinical Outcomes, 10\u2005US Sites, 2020\u00ad\u20132022"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"12","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1454-7440","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Julian E","family":"Grass","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Healthcare Quality Promotion, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention , Atlanta, Georgia 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