{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,5]],"date-time":"2026-03-05T22:27:34Z","timestamp":1772749654168,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":24,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,30]],"date-time":"2024-12-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1735516800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":7,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,23]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Characteristics of confirmed urogenital Schistosoma haematobium infections and outcomes in non-endemic regions are scarce in the literature and there is a minimal evidence base for appropriate management in this setting. Specific schistosomal urinary and urological complications include risk of hydronephrosis, renal impairment, and malignant transformation. Therefore, approach to follow-up should be robust and systematic.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>This is a retrospective case-note review of all patients with confirmed S haematobium infection (defined as visible ova in terminal urine and\/or histopathological diagnosis on biopsy) at the Hospital for Tropical Diseases (HTD), London, between 1998 and 2018. Outcomes of follow-up were reviewed and formulated into a pragmatic guideline for follow-up of these patients in this setting.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>A majority of the 186 patients with confirmed S haematobium infection presented before 2012. Young, male migrants were at highest risk of complications from chronic infection and were most prone to being lost to follow-up. One patient was referred with squamous cell carcinoma of the bladder found on biopsy with S haematobium infection.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>We put forward a pragmatic pathway for S haematobium investigation and follow-up for patients presenting to nonendemic settings with the current resource capabilities of the United Kingdom.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/ofid\/ofae759","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,30]],"date-time":"2024-12-30T04:19:12Z","timestamp":1735532352000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Urogenital <i>Schistosoma haematobium<\/i> Cases at the Hospital for Tropical Diseases, London (1998-2018), and Suggested Pragmatic Follow-up Pathway for Non-endemic Settings"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Clare E","family":"Warrell","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Parasitology Department, Hospital for Tropical Diseases , London ,","place":["UK"]},{"name":"Clinical Research Department, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine , London ,","place":["UK"]},{"name":"Rare and Imported Pathogens Laboratory , Porton Down, Salisbury ,","place":["UK"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Spencer","family":"Polley","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Parasitology Department, Hospital for Tropical Diseases , London ,","place":["UK"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Rashmita","family":"Bodhani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Parasitology Department, Hospital for Tropical Diseases , London ,","place":["UK"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Cordelia E M","family":"Coltart","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Infectious Diseases Department, Royal Free NHS Foundation Trust , London ,","place":["UK"]},{"name":"Division of Infection and Immunity, University College London , London ,","place":["UK"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0398-1567","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hannah","family":"Rafferty","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Parasitology Department, Hospital for Tropical Diseases , London ,","place":["UK"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Laura E","family":"Nabarro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Parasitology Department, Hospital for Tropical Diseases , London ,","place":["UK"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Gauri","family":"Godbole","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Parasitology Department, Hospital for Tropical Diseases , London ,","place":["UK"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Amaya 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