{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,6]],"date-time":"2026-05-06T07:03:23Z","timestamp":1778051003627,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":16,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,17]],"date-time":"2025-02-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1739750400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":17,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,31]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p>Hyperammonemia syndrome (HS) from Ureaplasma infection is typically reported in posttransplant recipients, particularly lung transplant. We describe a young woman with activated PI3K delta syndrome 2 who presented with HS from disseminated Ureaplasma urealyticum infection with septic arthritis. We also performed a literature review of Ureaplasma-associated HS in nontransplant patients.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/ofid\/ofaf084","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,17]],"date-time":"2025-02-17T08:07:36Z","timestamp":1739779656000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Disseminated <i>Ureaplasma urealyticum<\/i> Infection and Hyperammonemic Encephalopathy in a Patient With Activated PI3K Delta Syndrome 2"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"12","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1511-971X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yi Wye","family":"Lai","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Rheumatology, Allergy and Immunology, Tan Tock Seng Hospital ,","place":["Singapore"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7954-2926","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ray Junhao","family":"Lin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infectious Diseases, Woodlands Health ,","place":["Singapore"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5448-8417","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Matthias","family":"Maiwald","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, KK Women's and Children's Hospital ,","place":["Singapore"]},{"name":"Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore ,","place":["Singapore"]},{"name":"Pathology Academic Clinical Programme, Duke\u2013National University of Singapore Graduate School of Medicine ,","place":["Singapore"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Gareth Zigui","family":"Lim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Neuroscience Institute, Department of Neurology, Tan Tock Seng Hospital ,","place":["Singapore"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1655-8917","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Pooja","family":"Rao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Laboratory Medicine, Tan Tock Seng Hospital ,","place":["Singapore"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tse Hsien","family":"Koh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology, Singapore General Hospital ,","place":["Singapore"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4426-131X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ser Hon","family":"Puah","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Tan Tock Seng Hospital ,","place":["Singapore"]},{"name":"Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technology University ,","place":["Singapore"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Teck Choon","family":"Tan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Rheumatology, Khoo Teck Puat Hospital ,","place":["Singapore"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hwee Siew","family":"Howe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Rheumatology, Allergy and Immunology, Tan Tock Seng Hospital ,","place":["Singapore"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1167-353X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Xin Rong","family":"Lim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Rheumatology, Allergy and Immunology, Tan Tock Seng Hospital ,","place":["Singapore"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025030418290493300_ofaf084-B1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"727","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0000000000206778","article-title":"Pearls and oy-sters: status epilepticus and cerebral edema from hyperammonemia due to disseminated Ureaplasma and Mycoplasma species","volume":"100","author":"Bharath","year":"2023","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"2025030418290493300_ofaf084-B2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"193","DOI":"10.1097\/01.ccm.0000907384.65908.a7","article-title":"Disseminated Ureaplasma urealyticum infection and life-threatening hyperammoniemia with rituximab use","volume":"51","author":"Rahman","year":"2023","journal-title":"Crit Care Med"},{"key":"2025030418290493300_ofaf084-B3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"958","DOI":"10.1186\/s12879-022-07953-8","article-title":"Hyperammonemia in a septic patient with Ureaplasma parvum arthritis: a case report","volume":"22","author":"Pan","year":"2022","journal-title":"BMC Infect Dis"},{"key":"2025030418290493300_ofaf084-B4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1057591","DOI":"10.3389\/fmed.2022.1057591","article-title":"Ureaplasma urealyticum infection presenting as altered mental status in a post-chemotherapy patient: case report and literature review","volume":"9","author":"Kok","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front Med (Lausanne)"},{"key":"2025030418290493300_ofaf084-B5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e242513","DOI":"10.1136\/bcr-2021-242513","article-title":"Lethal hyperammonemia in a CAR-T cell recipient due to Ureaplasma pneumonia: a case report of a unique severe complication","volume":"14","author":"Tawfik","year":"2021","journal-title":"BMJ Case Rep"},{"key":"2025030418290493300_ofaf084-B6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"ofz033","DOI":"10.1093\/ofid\/ofz033","article-title":"Two cases of fatal hyperammonemia syndrome due to Mycoplasma hominis and Ureaplasma urealyticum in immunocompromised patients outside lung transplant recipients","volume":"6","author":"Nowbakht","year":"2019","journal-title":"Open Forum Infect Dis"},{"key":"2025030418290493300_ofaf084-B7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"205","DOI":"10.4103\/0255-0857.154850","article-title":"Ureaplasma: current perspectives","volume":"33","author":"Kokkayil","year":"2015","journal-title":"Indian J Med Microbiol"},{"key":"2025030418290493300_ofaf084-B8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e14334","DOI":"10.1111\/ctr.14334","article-title":"Hyperammonemia syndrome associated with Ureaplasma spp. infections in immunocompromised patients and transplant recipients: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"35","author":"Tantengco","year":"2021","journal-title":"Clin Transplant"},{"key":"2025030418290493300_ofaf084-B9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1179548420966234","DOI":"10.1177\/1179548420966234","article-title":"Hyperammonemia post lung transplantation: a review","volume":"14","author":"Leger","year":"2020","journal-title":"Clin Med Insights Circ Respir Pulm Med"},{"key":"2025030418290493300_ofaf084-B10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"505","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-030-25869-6_19","volume-title":"Emerging transplant infections","author":"Schreiber","year":"2021"},{"key":"2025030418290493300_ofaf084-B11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4793","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.00671-16","article-title":"Antimicrobial susceptibility and clonality of clinical Ureaplasma isolates in the United States","volume":"60","author":"Fernandez","year":"2016","journal-title":"Antimicrob Agents Chemother"},{"key":"2025030418290493300_ofaf084-B12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2416","DOI":"10.3390\/diagnostics12102416","article-title":"Ureaplasma parvum septic arthritis, a clinic challenge","volume":"12","author":"Suarez-Cuervo","year":"2022","journal-title":"Diagnostics (Basel)"},{"key":"2025030418290493300_ofaf084-B13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2495","DOI":"10.1007\/s15010-024-02301-1","article-title":"Disseminated septic arthritis caused by Ureaplasma urealyticum in an immunocompromised patient with hypogammaglobulinemia after rituximab therapy","volume":"52","author":"Oguni","year":"2024","journal-title":"Infection"},{"key":"2025030418290493300_ofaf084-B14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"323","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbspin.2010.11.010","article-title":"Ureaplasma urealyticum destructive septic arthritis in a patient with systemic lupus erythematosus after rituximab therapy","volume":"78","author":"Goulenok","year":"2011","journal-title":"Joint Bone Spine"},{"key":"2025030418290493300_ofaf084-B15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"767","DOI":"10.1186\/s12879-020-05497-3","article-title":"Septic arthritis of the shoulder due to Ureaplasma urealyticum after emergency caesarean section: a case report","volume":"20","author":"Mahlouly","year":"2020","journal-title":"BMC Infect Dis"},{"key":"2025030418290493300_ofaf084-B16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"413","DOI":"10.3174\/ajnr.A2290","article-title":"Acute hyperammonemic encephalopathy in adults: imaging findings","volume":"32","author":"U-King-Im","year":"2011","journal-title":"AJNR Am J Neuroradiol"}],"container-title":["Open Forum Infectious Diseases"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/ofid\/advance-article-pdf\/doi\/10.1093\/ofid\/ofaf084\/61905676\/ofaf084.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"am","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/ofid\/article-pdf\/12\/2\/ofaf084\/61905676\/ofaf084.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/ofid\/article-pdf\/12\/2\/ofaf084\/61905676\/ofaf084.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,4]],"date-time":"2025-03-04T20:38:39Z","timestamp":1741120719000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/ofid\/article\/doi\/10.1093\/ofid\/ofaf084\/8016440"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,31]]},"references-count":16,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,31]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/ofid\/ofaf084","relation":{},"ISSN":["2328-8957"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2328-8957","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published-other":{"date-parts":[[2025,2]]},"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,31]]},"article-number":"ofaf084"}}