{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,18]],"date-time":"2026-09-18T11:30:55Z","timestamp":1789731055356,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,21]],"date-time":"2025-03-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1742515200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["U01HL123336"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["U01HL123336"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["1UG3HL164285"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["1UG3HL164285"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"name":"Clinical Coordinating Center","award":["U01HL123339"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["U01HL123339"]}]},{"name":"Clinical Coordinating Center","award":["1U24HL164284"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["1U24HL164284"]}]},{"name":"Data Coordinating Center)"},{"name":"Kowa Pharmaceuticals America, Inc"},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100005564","name":"Gilead Sciences","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100005564","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100010877","name":"ViiV Healthcare","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["UM1 AI068636"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UM1 AI068636"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100010877","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"ACTG Leadership and Operations Center","award":["UM1 AI106701"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UM1 AI106701"]}]},{"name":"ACTG Laboratory Center","award":["T32 AI007358"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["T32 AI007358"]}]},{"name":"HIV Training Grant"},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100016758","name":"Nutrition Obesity Research Center at Harvard","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["P30DK040561"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["P30DK040561"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100016758","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,27]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Prior analyses suggest that the nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NRTI) abacavir (ABC), but not tenofovir (TFV), is associated with a 2-fold increase in the hazard of myocardial infarction. the Randomized Trial to Prevent Vascular Events in HIV (REPRIEVE) is ideally suited to evaluate the role of ABC and the TFV backbones, tenofovir alafenamide (TAF) and tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF), in major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We compared hazard of first MACE among people living with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) at low-to-moderate cardiovascular risk using ABC (n = 883), TAF (n = 957), and TDF (n = 4274) at entry. Overlap weights balanced biasing factors, including age, sex at birth, atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease risk, CD4 count, estimated glomerular filtration rate, and anchor antiretroviral therapy. Associations between entry NRTI and MACEs were estimated using a marginal Cox proportional hazards model. Change of NRTI, or \u201cswitching,\u201d was common during follow-up. Additional associations were estimated by further censoring at first switch and applying time-updated inverse probability of censoring weighting (IPCW).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Baseline-adjusted associations suggest clinically relevant increases in hazard of first MACE for ABC versus TAF (hazard ratio [HR], 1.5 [95% confidence interval {CI}, .9\u20132.3]) and ABC versus TDF (HR, 1.4 [95% CI, .9\u20132.1]), but not TAF versus TDF (HR, 0.9 [95% CI, .6\u20131.5]). With censoring at switch, HRs increased to 1.6 (95% CI, .9\u20132.7) for ABC versus TAF, 2.0 (95% CI, 1.2\u20133.4) for ABC versus TDF, and 1.2 (95% CI, .7\u20132.2) for TAF versus TDF. The largest HR observed was for ABC versus TDF and myocardial infarction (IPCW HR, 3.5 [95% CI, 1.3\u20139.4]).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Antiretroviral therapies with ABC backbones are associated with an increase in MACE compared to TFV backbones among people living with HIV at low-to-moderate cardiovascular risk.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Clinical Trials Registration<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>NCT02344290.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/ofid\/ofaf177","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,19]],"date-time":"2025-03-19T18:41:22Z","timestamp":1742409682000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["Cardiovascular Hazards of Abacavir- Versus Tenofovir-Containing Antiretroviral Therapies: Insights From an Analysis of the REPRIEVE Trial Cohort"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"12","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8200-7908","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Emma","family":"Davies Smith","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Biostatistics in AIDS Research, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health , Boston, Massachusetts ,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3156-2965","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Carlos","family":"Malvestutto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Infectious Diseases, Ohio State University Medical Center , Columbus, Ohio ,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0394-3990","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Heather J","family":"Ribaudo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Biostatistics in AIDS Research, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health , Boston, Massachusetts ,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6778-7253","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Carl J","family":"Fichtenbaum","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine , Cincinnati, Ohio ,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8162-0284","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Judith A","family":"Aberg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Infectious Diseases, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai , New York, New York ,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maya","family":"Watanabe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Biostatistics in AIDS Research, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health , Boston, Massachusetts ,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7176-1611","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gerald S","family":"Bloomfield","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, Duke Global Health Institute and Duke Clinical Research Institute, Duke University , Durham, North Carolina ,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4279-4737","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Judith S","family":"Currier","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Infectious Diseases, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles , Los Angeles, California ,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sarah M","family":"Chu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Metabolism Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School , Boston, Massachusetts ,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0541-3707","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kathleen V","family":"Fitch","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Metabolism Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School , Boston, Massachusetts ,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marissa R","family":"Diggs","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Metabolism Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School , Boston, Massachusetts ,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9794-0389","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Roger","family":"Bedimo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, UT Southwestern , Dallas, Texas ,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Javier","family":"Valencia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"San Miguel Clinical Research Site, Asociacion Civil Impacta Salud y Educaci\u00f3n , Lima ,","place":["Peru"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6543-2355","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Cristina","family":"Gomez-Ayerbe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unit of Infectious Diseases, Hospital Universitario Virgen de la Victoria, Instituto de Investigaci\u00f3n Biom\u00e9dica de M\u00e1laga y Plataforma en Nanomedicina , M\u00e1laga ,","place":["Spain"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0568-6457","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Indira","family":"Brar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Infectious Disease, Henry Ford Hospital , Detroit, Michigan ,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0001-0654-3298","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jose Valdez","family":"Madruga","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centro de Referencia e Treinamento DST\/AIDS , S\u00e3o Paulo ,","place":["Brazil"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael T","family":"Lu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cardiovascular Imaging Research Center, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School , Boston, Massachusetts ,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9876-4049","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Pamela S","family":"Douglas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Duke Clinical Research Institute, Duke University School of Medicine , Durham, North Carolina ,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Markella V","family":"Zanni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Metabolism Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School , Boston, Massachusetts ,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6338-000X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Steven K","family":"Grinspoon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Metabolism Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School , Boston, Massachusetts ,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025052712092234600_ofaf177-B1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e000304","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjdrc-2016-000304","article-title":"Is diabetes prevalence higher among HIV-infected individuals compared with the general population? 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