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Households were randomized 1:1 to 24 weeks of daily levofloxacin (adult scored 250-mg tablets) versus placebo. Treatment adherence was ascertained through pill counts and treatment cards. Competing risk methods were used to assess factors associated with early treatment discontinuation for nonclinical reasons before achieving \u226580% of allocated doses (adequate treatment).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Among 911 of 922 children included in analysis, 90% were younger than 5 years of age. Overall, 765 (84%) of children achieved adequate treatment, 135 (15%) discontinued treatment early, and 11 (1%) had not achieved adequate treatment by the end-of-treatment period. Sixty-four (7%) children stopped for clinical reasons and 71 (8%) for nonclinical reasons, with similar proportions across treatment groups. Baseline factors associated with early treatment discontinuation for nonclinical reasons were previous receipt of herbal\/traditional medicine (subhazard ratio 3.08; 95% confidence interval, 1.69\u20135.59; P &amp;lt; .001), and caregivers reporting difficulties administering medication (subhazard ratio 2.73; 1.11\u20136.71; P = .029). Children with poor treatment adherence by week 4 were more likely to subsequently stop treatment early for nonclinical reasons (subhazard ratio 2.72; 1.06\u20136.97; P = .037).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Adherence to the 250-mg levofloxacin formulation was good among young children on preventive TB therapy. Adherence support for children and caregivers, and addressing early signs of poor adherence, may enhance treatment completion.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/ofid\/ofaf425","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,17]],"date-time":"2025-07-17T10:03:47Z","timestamp":1752746627000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Factors Predictive of Early Discontinuation of Preventive Treatment in Children With Household Exposure to Multidrug-resistant Tuberculosis"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"12","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1328-1310","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Trinh","family":"Duong","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Clinical Trials and Methodology, Faculty of Population Health Sciences, University College London , London 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