{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,29]],"date-time":"2026-08-29T09:15:09Z","timestamp":1787994909091,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"10","funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000060","name":"National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["U01AI100031"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["U01AI100031"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000060","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000060","name":"National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["U01AI075115"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["U01AI075115"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000060","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000060","name":"National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01AI110324"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01AI110324"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000060","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000060","name":"National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01AI102939"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01AI102939"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000060","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000060","name":"National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01AI128779"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01AI128779"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000060","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000060","name":"National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01AI123002"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01AI123002"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000060","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000060","name":"National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["K01AI125086"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["K01AI125086"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000060","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100017540","name":"Division of Intramural Research","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100017540","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["AI001040"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["AI001040"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000025","name":"US National Institute of Mental Health","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["R01MH090173"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01MH090173"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000025","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000025","name":"US National Institute of Mental Health","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["R01MH107275"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01MH107275"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000025","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100019346","name":"National Cancer Institute","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100019346","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,29]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The association of mucosal shedding of human simplex virus (HSV)-2, Kaposi\u2019s sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV) and cytomegalovirus (CMV) after antiretroviral therapy (ART) initiation in women-living-with-HIV (WLWH) with systemic inflammation is unclear.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We recruited 187 ART-naive adult WLWH in south-central Uganda. HSV-1, HSV-2, CMV, and Varicella Zoster Virus (VZV) in vaginal secretions and Kaposi\u2019s sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV) in oral swabs were quantified by PCR. Plasma biomarkers of systemic inflammation were measured by ELISA or electrochemiluminescence before and after ART initiation (weeks 8, 12, and 24).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Participants had a baseline median age of 28 years and CD4 count of 413 cells\/\u03bcL. Viral shedding rates were similar for all tested viruses between baseline and post-ART timepoints in the overall study population. CMV shedding significantly increased from a baseline rate of 53% to 77% at week 4 visit (P-value = .016), and 73% at week 8 visit (P-value = .027) in participants with a baseline CD4 count \u2264200 cells\/\u00b5L. CRP, TNF\u03b1, and TNFR1 levels associated with CMV shedding at week 8, IL-6 associated with HSV-2 shedding at week 4, while sCD14 and TNFR1 associated with HSV-2 shedding at week 8. Also, CRP and IL-27 were associated with KSHV shedding at week 4 and week 8, respectively.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Although ART initiation was not associated with increased herpesvirus shedding overall, CMV shedding increased in women with advanced HIV-1. The association of mucosal shedding of CMV, HSV-2, and KSHV in post-ART timepoints with different baseline biomarkers of systemic inflammation suggest that distinct immunological functions are implicated in the control of their viral replication.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/ofid\/ofaf603","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,7]],"date-time":"2025-10-07T11:48:36Z","timestamp":1759837716000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Herpesviruses Reactivation and Systemic Inflammation Before and After Initiating Antiretroviral Therapy Among Women with HIV in Rakai, Uganda"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"12","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2609-6525","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Victor","family":"Ssempijja","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Monitoring Research Program Directorate, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research , Frederick, Maryland ,","place":["USA"]},{"name":"Rakai Health Sciences Program , Entebbe, Statistics and Data management Unit ,","place":["Uganda"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Viviane","family":"Callier","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Monitoring Research Program Directorate, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research , Frederick, Maryland ,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Martha","family":"Nason","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Biostatistics Research Branch, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health , Bethesda, Maryland ,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6320-6394","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Aggrey","family":"Anok","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Rakai Health Sciences Program , Entebbe, Statistics and Data management Unit ,","place":["Uganda"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1475-356X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Andrea","family":"Lisco","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health , Bethesda, Maryland ,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andrew D","family":"Redd","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health , Bethesda, Maryland ,","place":["USA"]},{"name":"Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine , Baltimore, Maryland ,","place":["USA"]},{"name":"Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine, University of Cape Town , Cape Town ,","place":["South Africa"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Thomas C","family":"Quinn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health , Bethesda, Maryland ,","place":["USA"]},{"name":"Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine , Baltimore, Maryland ,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Adam","family":"Rupert","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Monitoring Research Program Directorate, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research , Frederick, Maryland ,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andrea","family":"Towlerton","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Translational Science and Therapeutics Division, Hutchinson Centre, Research Institute , Kampala ,","place":["Uganda"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sanchita","family":"Das","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health , Bethesda, Maryland ,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lorenzo","family":"Walker","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health , Bethesda, Maryland ,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stephen","family":"Tomusange","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Rakai Health Sciences Program , Entebbe, Statistics and Data management Unit 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and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health , Bethesda, Maryland ,","place":["USA"]},{"name":"Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine , Baltimore, Maryland ,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025102314042213100_ofaf603-B1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3361","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI136225","article-title":"Herpesvirus latency","volume":"130","author":"Cohen","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Clin Invest"},{"key":"2025102314042213100_ofaf603-B2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e99243","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0099243","article-title":"High seroprevalence of human herpesviruses in HIV-infected individuals attending primary healthcare facilities in rural South Africa","volume":"9","author":"Schaftenaar","year":"2014","journal-title":"PLoS 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