{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,13]],"date-time":"2026-10-13T10:38:23Z","timestamp":1791887903722,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,20]],"date-time":"2026-01-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1768867200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":25,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000865","name":"Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["INV005773"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["INV005773"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000865","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100004319","name":"Pfizer","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100004319","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,26]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Klebsiella pneumoniae (KPn) is a leading cause of invasive bacterial disease in African children, albeit with a scarcity of genotypic characterization.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We sequenced invasive KPn isolates from infants \u226490 days, collected through observational hospital surveillance (n = 226) between March 4, 2019 and February 27, 2021, and between May 13, 2022 and October 31, 2023, and postmortem sampling (n = 111) between February 15, 2018 and April 18, 2023. Postmortem Kpn isolates were attributed in the causal pathway to death by the determination of the cause of death panel, which consists of local experts.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Three hundred and thirty-seven isolates (226 identified during hospital surveillance and 111 from postmortem sampling) were included in the final analysis. Genomic analysis identified 85 distinct clonotypes. Sequence type (ST) 17 (22.0%) predominated, followed by ST39 (12.7%). The dominant K-locus (KL) were KL25 (24.0%), KL2 (14.5%), and KL149 (13\/4%), while the dominant O-antigens included O1\u03b1\u03b2,2\u03b1(48.4%), and O5 (19.9%). Eighty-five percent (287\/337) of the KPn isolates harbored multidrug resistant genes, including 32.9% to carbapenems. Notably, blaOXA-181, blaNDM-5, and blaNDM-1 were detected in 26.4%, 2.1% (7\/337), and 0.3% (1\/337) of isolates, respectively.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Although a wide diversity of strains were associated with Kpn invasive disease, over 80% of the cases were attributed to 11 K loci. These data provide critical insights into KPn epidemiology and highlight potential antigen targets for vaccine development in young African children.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/ofid\/ofag004","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,9]],"date-time":"2026-01-09T12:54:09Z","timestamp":1767963249000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Genomic Characterization of\n                    <i>Klebsiella pneumoniae<\/i>\n                    Causing Invasive Disease in South African Infants: Observational Studies Between 2018 and 2023"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"13","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0007-3674-8415","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Courtney P","family":"Olwagen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"South African Medical Research Council Vaccines and Infectious Diseases Analytics Research Unit, Faculty of Health Science, University of the Witwatersrand , Johannesburg ,","place":["South 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,","place":["South Africa"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Carmen","family":"Briner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"South African Medical Research Council Vaccines and Infectious Diseases Analytics Research Unit, Faculty of Health Science, University of the Witwatersrand , Johannesburg ,","place":["South Africa"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gaurav","family":"Kwatra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"South African Medical Research Council Vaccines and Infectious Diseases Analytics Research Unit, Faculty of Health Science, University of the Witwatersrand , Johannesburg ,","place":["South Africa"]},{"name":"Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center and University of Cincinnati , Cincinnati, Ohio ,","place":["USA"]},{"name":"Department of Clinical Microbiology, Christian Medical College , Vellore ,","place":["India"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lara","family":"Van der Merwe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"South African Medical Research Council Vaccines and Infectious Diseases Analytics Research Unit, Faculty of Health Science, University of the Witwatersrand , Johannesburg ,","place":["South Africa"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nicholas J","family":"Dean","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"South African Medical Research Council Vaccines and Infectious Diseases Analytics Research Unit, Faculty of Health Science, University of the Witwatersrand , Johannesburg ,","place":["South Africa"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vicky L","family":"Baillie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"South African Medical Research Council Vaccines and Infectious Diseases Analytics Research Unit, Faculty of Health Science, University of the Witwatersrand , Johannesburg ,","place":["South Africa"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sana","family":"Mahtab","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"South African Medical Research Council Vaccines and Infectious Diseases Analytics Research Unit, Faculty of Health Science, University of the Witwatersrand , Johannesburg ,","place":["South Africa"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kimberleigh","family":"Storath","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"South African Medical Research Council Vaccines and Infectious Diseases Analytics Research Unit, Faculty of Health Science, University of the Witwatersrand , Johannesburg ,","place":["South Africa"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Imaan","family":"Dunn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"South African Medical Research Council Vaccines and Infectious Diseases Analytics Research Unit, Faculty of Health Science, University of the 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Paediatrics and Child Health, Chris Hani Baragwanath Academic Hospital, School of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand , Johannesburg ,","place":["South Africa"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jeannette","family":"Wadula","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, National Health Laboratory Services, Faculty of Health Science, University of Witwatersrand , Johannesburg ,","place":["South Africa"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Renate","family":"Strehlau","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Wits VIDA Nkanyezi Research Unit, Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, School of Clinical Medicine, University of the Witwatersrand , Johannesburg ,","place":["South Africa"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anika M","family":"van Niekerk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Mowbray Maternity Hospital, Division of Neonatal Medicine, Department of Paediatrics, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town , Town ,","place":["South Africa"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Niree","family":"Naidoo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, National Health Laboratory Services, Faculty of Health Science, University of Witwatersrand , Johannesburg ,","place":["South Africa"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yogandree","family":"Ramsamy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Antimicrobial Research Unit, University of KwaZulu-Natal , KwaZulu-Natal \u00a0","place":["South Africa"]},{"name":"Department of Medical Microbiology, National Health Laboratory Service, Prince Mshiyeni Hospital , KwaZulu-Natal ,","place":["South 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