{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,30]],"date-time":"2026-09-30T13:58:09Z","timestamp":1790776689284,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,6]],"date-time":"2026-03-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1772755200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000865","name":"Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000865","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100014976","name":"Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["39284"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["39284"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100014976","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100014976","name":"Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["OPP1054324"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["OPP1054324"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100014976","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,29]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Depletion of Wolbachia has proven to be a validated curative treatment for filariasis. This trial investigated alternatives to the current treatment regimen for onchocerciasis: 6 weeks of doxycycline (DOX) at 200\u2005mg daily.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind, phase 2a trial with 5 treatment regimens was conducted in Ghana to determine (1) whether treatment times could be shortened as compared with 6 weeks of DOX at 200\u2005mg daily by using a combination of DOX and rifampicin (RIF) for 3 weeks or (2) whether a dosage reduction to 6 weeks of DOX at 100\u2005mg or a change to 6 weeks of RIF at 10\u2005mg\/kg daily would result in noninferior efficacy.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The primary outcome\u2014the absence of onchocercomata with worms showing normal embryogenesis at 20 months\u2014revealed that DOX at 200\u2005mg or 100\u2005mg for 6 weeks was superior to all other interventions. DOX + RIF for 3 weeks was less effective but superior to RIF alone and to placebo, suggesting that shorter regimens can be designed by combining antiwolbachials. Finally, depletion of Wolbachia in nodules 6 months after study onset strongly correlated with antiparasitic effects at 20 months.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Reduction of DOX from 200 to 100\u2005mg daily facilitates implementation of this regimen, by aligning it to other regimens using 100\u2005mg daily with a larger safety profile. The results also indicate that a combination of antiwolbachials might deliver effective regimens with shorter treatment times. Finally, the ability to predict 20-month end points of the slow-acting antiwolbachials by using Wolbachia depletion at 6 months will accelerate follow-up end points earlier than macrofilaricidal end points.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/ofid\/ofag065","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,4]],"date-time":"2026-03-04T12:50:31Z","timestamp":1772628631000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Comparison of 6-Week Doxycycline vs 6-Week Rifampicin or 3 Weeks of Doxycycline Plus Rifampicin in the Treatment of Onchocerciasis: A Randomized, Placebo-Controlled, Double-Blind, Phase 2 Trial"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Sabine","family":"Specht","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Medical Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology, University of Bonn, University Hospital Bonn , Bonn ,","place":["Germany"]},{"name":"Drugs for Neglected Diseases Initiative , Geneva 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