{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,6]],"date-time":"2026-05-06T15:14:47Z","timestamp":1778080487298,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,11]],"date-time":"2026-04-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1775865600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100014069","name":"US Military HIV Research Program","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100014069","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100003896","name":"Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["W81XWH-11-2-0174"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["W81XWH-11-2-0174"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100003896","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100003896","name":"Henry M. 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At 3-month intervals for up to 12 months, participants answered questionnaires and underwent site-specific screening for Chlamydia trachomatis (CT), Mycoplasma genitalium (MG), Neisseria gonorrhoeae (NG), and syphilis. We computed 3-month incidence rates and rate ratios, and we employed multilevel mixed effects logistic regression to determine odds ratios (ORs) and 95% CIs for factors associated with any incident STI.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The mean age of 1017 participants was 33 years, 54.7% used PrEP at enrollment, and 83.7% reported PrEP use overall. Any STI was diagnosed in 71.8% (CT, 40.4%; MG, 38.5%; NG, 36.0%; syphilis, 10.1%; HIV, 0.5%). PrEP users exhibited a higher prevalence for anorectal infections with CT (35.3% vs 20.5%, P &amp;lt; .05), MG (31.4% vs 23.5%, P &amp;lt; .05), and NG (26.1% vs 16.9%, P &amp;lt; .05). CT incidence decreased from 46.8 cases per 100 person-years to 35.7 (\u221223.7%, P &amp;lt; .05), and NG incidence decreased from 41.6 cases per 100 person-years to 30.7 (\u221226.2%, P &amp;lt; .05). MG and syphilis incidence remained stable. Factors independently associated with STI incidence were as follows: symptoms (OR, 1.85; 95% CI, 1.46\u20132.34), condomless anal sex with &amp;gt;5 casual partners (OR, 1.79; 95% CI, 1.49\u20132.14), recreational drug use (OR, 1.76; 95% CI, 1.46\u20132.12), being born abroad (OR, 1.49; 95% CI, 1.19\u20131.87), PrEP use (OR, 1.29; 95% CI, 1.05\u20131.58), and having a moderately or largely increased self-perceived risk of HIV (OR, 1.26 [95% CI, 1.03\u20131.53]; OR, 1.33 [95% CI, 1.02\u20131.74], respectively).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>PrEP use was associated with increased STI risk in our cohort. CT and NG incidence decreased in a structured test-and-treat setting.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/ofid\/ofag205","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,1]],"date-time":"2026-04-01T11:40:24Z","timestamp":1775043624000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["A Prospective Incidence Study on Sexually Transmitted Infections and HIV in Men Who Have Sex With Men, With or Without Use of Pre-exposure Prophylaxis"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"13","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4878-9421","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Klaus","family":"Jansen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department for Infectious Disease Epidemiology, Robert Koch Institute , Berlin ,","place":["Germany"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5947-265X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Trevor A","family":"Crowell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"U.S. Military HIV Research Program, CIDR, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research , Silver Spring, Maryland ,","place":["USA"]},{"name":"Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine , Bethesda, Maryland ,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Patrick F","family":"Ottensmeyer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Virology, Medical Faculty, University Bonn , Bonn ,","place":["Germany"]},{"name":"German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner Site Bonn-Cologne , Bonn ,","place":["Germany"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5337-0126","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Allahna L","family":"Esber","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"U.S. Military HIV Research Program, CIDR, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research , Silver Spring, Maryland ,","place":["USA"]},{"name":"Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine , Bethesda, Maryland ,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Gyde","family":"Steffen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department for Infectious Disease Epidemiology, Robert Koch Institute , Berlin ,","place":["Germany"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Heiko K","family":"Jessen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Private practice, Jessen+Jessen , Berlin ,","place":["Germany"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0001-1926-2081","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Christiane","family":"Cordes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Infektionsmedizin Berlin-Friedrichshain , Berlin ,","place":["Germany"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Stefan","family":"Scholten","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Private practice, Hohenstaufenring , Cologne ,","place":["Germany"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Stephan","family":"Schneeweiss","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Private practice, Hohenstaufenring , Cologne ,","place":["Germany"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Norbert H","family":"Brockmeyer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"WIR\u2013Walk in Ruhr, Center for Sexual Health and Medicine , Bochum ,","place":["Germany"]},{"name":"Interdisciplinary Immunological Outpatient Clinic, Center for Sexual Health and Medicine, Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology, Ruhr University Bochum , Bochum ,","place":["Germany"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3875-5367","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Christoph D","family":"Spinner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"TUM School of Medicine and Health, Department of Clinical Medicine\u2013Clinical Department for Internal Medicine II, University Medical Center, Technical University of Munich , Munich ,","place":["Germany"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Markus","family":"Bickel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Infektiologikum Frankfurt , Frankfurt ,","place":["Germany"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3625-9650","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Stefan","family":"Esser","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for the Research on HIV and AIDS-Associated Diseases Essen, University Duisburg-Essen , Essen ,","place":["Germany"]},{"name":"University Hospital Essen, University Duisburg-Essen HPSTD Clinic, Department of Dermatology, , Essen ,","place":["Germany"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Axel","family":"Baumgarten","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"zfi\u2013 Zentrum f\u00fcr Infektiologie Berlin Prenzlauer Berg GmbH , Berlin ,","place":["Germany"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Albrecht","family":"Stoehr","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Interdisciplinary Medicine , Hamburg ,","place":["Germany"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Clara","family":"Lehmann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department I for Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine at University Hospital Cologne , Cologne ,","place":["Germany"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"J\u00f6rg J","family":"Vehreschild","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner Site Bonn-Cologne , Bonn ,","place":["Germany"]},{"name":"Department I for Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine at University Hospital Cologne , Cologne ,","place":["Germany"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tsedal","family":"Mebrahtu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"U.S. Military HIV Research Program, CIDR, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research , Silver Spring, Maryland ,","place":["USA"]},{"name":"Henry M. 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