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We describe 2 cases in which manifestations of TB-IRIS continued for longer than 1 year after the end of TB treatment and review the literature on prolonged TB-IRIS. These cases are often characterized by a history of extrapulmonary TB and initially low CD4 counts and commonly demonstrate lymphadenitis or abscesses. In the absence of clear consensus around its appropriate management, prolonged TB-IRIS presents a significant diagnostic and therapeutic dilemma.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/ofid\/ofag212","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,3]],"date-time":"2026-04-03T11:52:06Z","timestamp":1775217126000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Prolonged Paradoxical TB-IRIS: 2 Case Reports and a Review of the Literature"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"13","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0004-9080-931X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Max","family":"McClure","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of HIV, Infectious Diseases, and Global Medicine, University of California, SanFrancisco , San Francisco, California ,","place":["USA"]},{"name":"Department of Medicine, University of California, SanFrancisco , San Francisco, California 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