{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,6]],"date-time":"2026-05-06T15:13:36Z","timestamp":1778080416030,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":42,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,18]],"date-time":"2026-04-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1776470400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100005564","name":"Gilead Sciences","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100005564","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Medical Affairs Investigator Sponsor Research Program","award":["IN-US-380-5725"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["IN-US-380-5725"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,28]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Effectively preventing transmission is critical to ending the HIV epidemic (EHE). The primary objective of the COMEBACK study, a 48-week single-center study, was to reengage lost-to-care persons with HIV and rapidly reinitiate antiretroviral therapy (ART) with bictegravir\/emtricitabine\/tenofovir alefenamide (B\/F\/TAF) in a low-barrier-care model to promote virologic suppression (VS).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Adults off ART for \u22652 weeks, without significant B\/F\/TAF resistance or renal impairment, were started on B\/F\/TAF upon reengagement after same-day baseline labs (n = 100). Participants self-screened into case management (CM) tiers: minimal, moderate, or advanced. Participants requiring additional support (tier escalation) were identified during the study. The associations of baseline characteristics and 5 social determinants of health (SDoH) assessments with VS status at study end were analyzed.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>At baseline, the median age was 37 years, with 90% Black and 68% cisgender male. Median CD4+ was 310\u2005cells\/mm3, with a median viral load of 11 084\u2005copies\/mL (16% VS). Median time off ART was 5 months. Fifty-nine of 100 participants required tier escalation. Sixty-six of 100 participants were retained in care at 48 weeks, with VS (HIV-1 RNA &amp;lt;200\u2005copies\/mL) in 54% of the intent-to-treat population and 82% (n = 54\/66) of the observed population. One SDoH (adherence concerns) was significantly associated with non-VS. No resistance to B\/F\/TAF was detected through 48 weeks.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>VS was high for participants with rapid ART reinitiation retained in care. CM escalation and baseline adherence concerns were associated with non-VS at study end. Achieving VS among high-risk populations disenfranchised from care will likely require further innovation in intense individualized CM and retention approaches to capitalize on low-barrier-care models toward EHE.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/ofid\/ofag216","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,16]],"date-time":"2026-04-16T11:42:48Z","timestamp":1776339768000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["The COMEBACK Study: Social Determinants of Health Impact on Virologic Suppression in a 48-Week Low-Barrier-Care Study of Rapid Antiretroviral Therapy Reinitiation Among Persons With HIV Lost to Care"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"13","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4699-5467","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gregory D","family":"Huhn","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"The Ruth M. 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