{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,23]],"date-time":"2026-09-23T17:47:43Z","timestamp":1790185663989,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,22]],"date-time":"2026-04-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1776816000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":1,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100015083","name":"Peking University People's Hospital Research and Development Funds","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["RDJP2022-43"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RDJP2022-43"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100015083","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,28]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Sleep disturbances are hypothesized to increase susceptibility to pneumonia; however, most evidence arises from studies examining isolated sleep characteristics. The relationship between a multidimensional healthy sleep score and pneumonia risk remains unclear. Herein, the association between a multidimensional healthy sleep score and risk of pneumonia was evaluated.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This prospective analysis encompassed 361 589 participants from the United Kingdom (UK) Biobank (mean age: 56.1 years; 46.1% male). Five sleep characteristics\u2014sleep duration, chronotype, insomnia symptoms, snoring, and daytime sleepiness\u2014were used to construct a healthy sleep score (range: 0\u20135). Participants were categorized into poor (0\u20131), intermediate (2\u20133), and healthy (4\u20135) sleep score categories. Cox proportional hazards models were employed to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for pneumonia incidence.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Over a median follow-up period of 13.2 years, there were 20 116 new cases of pneumonia. A healthy sleep score was associated with a 26% lower risk of pneumonia (adjusted HR: 0.74, 95% CI: 0.69\u20130.80). This association exhibited a graded pattern, with higher sleep scores associated with progressively lower risk. The absence of frequent daytime sleepiness (HR: 0.79, 95% CI: 0.74\u20130.85) and insomnia symptoms (HR: 0.88, 95% CI: 0.86\u20130.91) exhibited the strongest component-specific inverse associations. Associations were stronger among participants younger than 60 years and females (P for interaction &amp;lt;0.001 for both).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A multidimensional healthy sleep score is associated with a lower risk of pneumonia. These findings support the potential relevance of multidimensional sleep assessment to respiratory infection susceptibility and warrant further investigation.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/ofid\/ofag233","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,18]],"date-time":"2026-04-18T11:16:06Z","timestamp":1776510966000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Multidimensional Healthy Sleep Characteristics and Pneumonia Risk: A Large-scale, Population-based Prospective Cohort Study"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Xufeng","family":"Fu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University , Shenzhen 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