{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,22]],"date-time":"2026-05-22T08:06:50Z","timestamp":1779437210779,"version":"3.53.1"},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,5]],"date-time":"2026-05-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1777939200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":7,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100016190","name":"Trond Mohn Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100016190","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100005416","name":"Research Council of Norway","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["RCN 288718"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RCN 288718"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100005416","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004257","name":"Helse Vest","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["F-12166"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["F-12166"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004257","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Vestre Viken Hospital Trust"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,28]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Nonventilator hospital-acquired pneumonia (NV-HAP) is a leading cause of hospital-acquired infection, associated with substantial morbidity and mortality. Conventional bacterial cultures from lower respiratory tract specimens, as recommended by current guidelines, have limited sensitivity and frequently fail to identify causative pathogens. This study evaluated a rapid, culture-independent molecular diagnostic approach versus standard methods for identifying microbial etiology, assessing antimicrobial prescribing, and determining NV-HAP incidence in a medium-sized Norwegian hospital. We hypothesized that multiplex polymerase chain reaction (mPCR) would shorten time to diagnosis and increase microbial yield.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Method<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A screening process twice daily was established to prospectively identify NV-HAP patients eligible for inclusion in a single hospital from 11 June 2021 to 26 November 2024. Lower respiratory tract samples were analyzed using a syndromic multiplex PCR assay and compared with conventional culture methods.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Eighty-six patients were included, with bacterial pathogens detected in 51.2% of the samples analyzed by mPCR and in 23.5% of cultured samples (P &amp;lt; .01). Median time to microbiological results were 2.5 (2\u201310) hours for mPCR and 45.8 (26.9\u201350.3) hours for bacterial culture (P &amp;lt; .01). Overall agreement was fair to moderate (\u03ba = 0.39), with an observed agreement of 69%. Antibiotic therapy was modified based on the mPCR in 13 patients (15.1%) and due to culture in 9 patients (10.5%).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The use of syndromic mPCR provided faster results and a higher detection rate for microbial etiology compared to traditional culture methods.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/ofid\/ofag272","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T12:10:28Z","timestamp":1777637428000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Syndromic Multiplex Polymerase Chain Reaction: The Impact on Microbial Yield in Nonventilator Hospital-Acquired Pneumonia"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"13","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0008-4255-9327","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jon Anders","family":"Feet","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Science, Bergen Integrated Diagnostic Stewardship Cluster, Faculty of Medicine, University of Bergen ,","place":["Norway"]},{"name":"Department of Medicine, Drammen Hospital, Vestre Viken Hospital Trust , Drammen ,","place":["Norway"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4020-9733","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Karl Erik","family":"M\u00fcller","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Science, Bergen Integrated Diagnostic Stewardship Cluster, Faculty of Medicine, University of Bergen ,","place":["Norway"]},{"name":"Department of Medicine, Drammen Hospital, Vestre Viken Hospital Trust , Drammen ,","place":["Norway"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4390-0370","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"\u00d8yvind","family":"Kommedal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Science, Bergen Integrated Diagnostic Stewardship Cluster, Faculty of Medicine, University of Bergen ,","place":["Norway"]},{"name":"Department of Microbiology, Haukeland University Hospital , Bergen ,","place":["Norway"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kathrine","family":"Brun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Science, Bergen Integrated Diagnostic Stewardship Cluster, Faculty of Medicine, University of Bergen ,","place":["Norway"]},{"name":"Department of Microbiology, Haukeland University Hospital , Bergen ,","place":["Norway"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5901-8422","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Elling","family":"Ulvestad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Science, Bergen Integrated Diagnostic Stewardship Cluster, Faculty of Medicine, University of Bergen ,","place":["Norway"]},{"name":"Department of Microbiology, Haukeland University Hospital , Bergen ,","place":["Norway"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3380-1117","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Harleen M S","family":"Grewal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Science, Bergen Integrated Diagnostic Stewardship Cluster, Faculty of Medicine, University of Bergen 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