{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,17]],"date-time":"2026-06-17T14:52:17Z","timestamp":1781707937883,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":60,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,17]],"date-time":"2026-06-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1781654400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":16,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100010269","name":"Wellcome Trust","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100010269","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Intermediate Clinical Fellowship","award":["WT100174\/Z\/12\/Z"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["WT100174\/Z\/12\/Z"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000272","name":"National Institute for Health and Care Research","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000272","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Global Research Professorship","award":["NIHR300791"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NIHR300791"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Melioidosis is a serious infection caused by the bacterium Burkholderia pseudomallei with a case fatality rate of up to 40% in Northeast Thailand. Diabetes mellitus (DM) increases the risk of developing melioidosis by 12-fold. A similar, but less marked relationship with DM is seen in patients with tuberculosis, with a 3-fold increased risk of developing tuberculosis in people with DM. However, the mechanisms underlying the impact of DM on infection are not fully understood.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Eighty-one patients with acute melioidosis from Northeast Thailand and 151 patients with tuberculosis from South Africa, Indonesia, Romania, and Peru, along with uninfected control cohorts, were studied by whole-blood RNA sequencing. Both supervised and unsupervised data analysis approaches, were performed including differential gene expression, pathway, and weighted gene coexpression network analyses.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>DM status was associated with a hyperinflammatory response to both melioidosis and tuberculosis, with increased neutrophil and platelet degranulation and exaggerated activation of coagulation and scavenger activation pathways, along with decreased phosphoinositide 3-kinase protein kinase B signaling. In melioidosis, changes with DM were subtle but also included increased tumor necrosis factor signaling via nuclear factor \u03baB and enhancement of endoplasmic reticulum stress and unfolded protein responses. DM-related changes were more distinct in tuberculosis, with marked reduction of interferon signaling responses.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>DM is associated with enhanced nonspecific inflammatory responses in both melioidosis and tuberculosis and an impaired interferon-mediated response to tuberculosis, with implications for future host-directed therapies.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/ofid\/ofag286","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,14]],"date-time":"2026-05-14T12:07:38Z","timestamp":1778760458000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Association of Diabetes Mellitus With a Shared Hyperinflammatory Immune Response in Patients With Melioidosis and Patients With Tuberculosis: An Observational Case-Control Study"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"13","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4094-5143","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Patpong","family":"Rongkard","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"NDM Centre for Global Health Research, Nuffield Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Oxford , Oxford ,","place":["United Kingdom"]},{"name":"Mahidol-Oxford Tropical Medicine Research Unit, Mahidol University , Bangkok ,","place":["Thailand"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0867-2867","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Barbara","family":"Kronsteiner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"NDM Centre for Global Health Research, Nuffield Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Oxford , Oxford ,","place":["United Kingdom"]},{"name":"Mahidol-Oxford Tropical Medicine Research Unit, Mahidol University , Bangkok ,","place":["Thailand"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0001-2503-6021","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Clare","family":"Eckold","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Tuberculosis Centre and Department of Infection and Biology, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine , London ,","place":["United Kingdom"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5202-4149","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Parinya","family":"Chamnan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cardiometabolic Research Group, Department of Social Medicine, Sunpasitthiprasong Hospital , Ubon Ratchathani ,","place":["Thailand"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Suchintana","family":"Chumseng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Mahidol-Oxford Tropical Medicine Research Unit, Mahidol University , Bangkok 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