{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,17]],"date-time":"2026-08-17T23:30:47Z","timestamp":1787009447916,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,19]],"date-time":"2026-06-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1781827200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100019123","name":"AiCuris","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100019123","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100021671","name":"National Cancer Institute","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["P30 CA008748"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["P30 CA008748"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100021671","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We examined treatment patterns and clinical outcomes of adult hematopoietic cell transplant (HCT) recipients with refractory mucocutaneous herpes simplex virus (HSV) infection from 7 US centers.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Multicenter, retrospective study of laboratory confirmed HSV infection and failure to improve after \u22657 days of appropriately dosed anti-HSV therapies. Resistance testing was performed at clinicians' discretion. Therapies were captured for the first refractory HSV infection post-HCT (index episode). Time to complete lesion healing, toxicities, and HSV recurrence up to 1 year from index HSV episode lesion healing were extracted from electronic medical records. The cumulative incidence function was used to estimate time to healing with death as competing risk.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Of 125 patients, acyclovir resistance was confirmed in 85\/104 patients (81.7%) tested. First therapy was nucleoside analog in 100 patients and foscarnet in 25. A total of 110 patients (88%) received second line therapy(ies), including foscarnet (94), intravenous cidofovir (6), and\/or topical antivirals (21). Mean treatment durations (SD) were 21.8 days (13.8), 20.3 (10.1), and 41.0 (37.5) for foscarnet, cidofovir, and topicals, respectively. Complete healing occurred in 69 patients (55.2%) at a median of 38 days (range 257) from the anti-HSV therapy start. Nephrotoxicity was reported during 40.4% of foscarnet and 50.0% of cidofovir courses, respectively. Among 69 patients with completed healing, 27 (39.1%) experienced HSV recurrence during follow up.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Our study highlights the challenges of managing refractory HSV post-HCT during the study timeframe, and underscores the unmet need for safer, more effective, and orally bioavailable therapies for refractory HSV.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/ofid\/ofag377","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,16]],"date-time":"2026-06-16T16:37:20Z","timestamp":1781627840000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Refractory Mucocutaneous Infections by Herpes Simplex Virus (HSV) in Hematopoietic Cell Transplant Recipients: A Real-world, Multicenter Study"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"13","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2891-079X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Genovefa A","family":"Papanicolaou","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Infectious Diseases and Allergy Service, Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center , NewYork, New York ,","place":["USA"]},{"name":"Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, Cornell University , NewYork, New York ,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yeon Joo","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Infectious Diseases and Allergy Service, Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center , NewYork, New York ,","place":["USA"]},{"name":"Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, Cornell University , NewYork, New York ,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tali","family":"Shafat","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infectious Diseases, Infection Control and Employee Health, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center , Houston, Texas ,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuxuan","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Infectious Diseases and Allergy Service, Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center , NewYork, New York ,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jo-Anne H","family":"Young","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Infectious Diseases and International Medicine, University of Minnesota , Minneapolis, Minnesota ,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Amy","family":"Spallone","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infectious Diseases, Infection Control and Employee Health, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center , Houston, Texas ,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Karam M","family":"Obeid","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Infectious Diseases and International Medicine, University of Minnesota , Minneapolis, Minnesota ,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gunjan L","family":"Shah","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, Cornell University , NewYork, New York ,","place":["USA"]},{"name":"Adult Bone Marrow Transplantation Service, Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center , NewYork, New York ,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Patrick W","family":"Flaherty","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Vaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center , Seattle, Washington ,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mandeep K","family":"Sekhon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Vaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center , Seattle, Washington ,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kitty","family":"Chiu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Infectious Diseases, City of Hope , Duarte, California ,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Veronica","family":"Dioverti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Infectious Diseases, Johns Hopkins University , Baltimore, Maryland ,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sarah P","family":"Hammond","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Infectious Diseases, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School , Boston, Massachusetts ,","place":["USA"]},{"name":"Mass General Brigham Cancer Institute at Massachusetts General Hospital , Boston, Massachusetts ,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sanjeet","family":"Dadwal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Infectious Diseases, City of Hope , Duarte, California ,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7665-7100","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Joshua A","family":"Hill","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Vaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center , Seattle, Washington ,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7320-2234","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Camille N","family":"Kotton","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Infectious Diseases, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School , Boston, Massachusetts ,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6543-3224","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Veronica","family":"Miller","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Forum for HIV Collaborative Research, University of California , Berkeley, California ,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8281-3245","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Per","family":"Ljungman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cellular Therapy and Allogeneic Stem Cell Transplantation and Department of Infectious Diseases, Karolinska University Hospital Huddinge, Karolinska Comprehensive Cancer Center , Stockholm ,","place":["Sweden"]},{"name":"Department of Medicine Huddinge, Division of Hematology, Karolinska Institute , Stockholm ,","place":["Sweden"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Roy F","family":"Chemaly","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infectious Diseases, Infection Control and Employee Health, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center , Houston, Texas ,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026072106162365700_ofag377-B1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"737","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2007.06.027","article-title":"Human herpes simplex virus infections: epidemiology, pathogenesis, symptomatology, diagnosis, and 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