{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,7]],"date-time":"2026-08-07T17:00:44Z","timestamp":1786122044941,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":15,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,13]],"date-time":"2026-07-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1783900800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study evaluated the diagnostic value of metagenomic next-generation sequencing (mNGS) in identifying pathogens causing pulmonary infections in 64 acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) patients at Beijing Ditan Hospital.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) samples were analyzed using mNGS and conventional microbiological tests (CMT). Diagnostic performance was compared, and random forest analysis was used to assess pathogenicity.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>mNGS detected 45 pathogens, including 14 viruses, 3 fungi, and 28 bacteria. Compared with CMT, mNGS showed higher sensitivity for detecting bacteria (75.0% vs 29.17%), fungi (45.0% vs 16.67%), and viruses (80.0% vs 20.83%). Mixed infections were identified in 55.2% of cases, predominantly Pneumocystis pneumonia (PCP) with bacterial coinfections. However, mNGS had lower concordance with CMT for viruses (24.1% for cytomegalovirus) and Mycobacterium tuberculosis (75.0%). Random forest analysis highlighted Candida albicans and Stenotrophomonas maltophilia as highly pathogenic.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>While mNGS demonstrated superior broad-spectrum detection, its limitations in viral and TB diagnosis underscore the need for optimized protocols. The study supports mNGS as a complementary tool for diagnosing complex pulmonary infections in AIDS patients, enhancing precision medicine but requiring further refinement for widespread clinical adoption.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/ofid\/ofag395","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,6]],"date-time":"2026-07-06T11:30:01Z","timestamp":1783337401000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Comprehensive Pathogen Spectrum Analysis Using mNGS in AIDS Patients With Pulmonary Infections: Diagnostic Value and Clinical Implications"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Wu","family":"Liang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"National Center for Infectious Diseases, Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University , Beijing ,","place":["China"]},{"name":"Clinical Center for HIV\/AIDS, Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University , Beijing 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,","place":["China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3656-8397","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Wang","family":"Sa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Center for Infectious Diseases, Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University , Beijing ,","place":["China"]},{"name":"Clinical Center for HIV\/AIDS, Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University , Beijing ,","place":["China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhang","family":"Yuanyuan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Key Laboratory of Intelligent Tracking and Forecasting for Infectious Diseases, Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University , Beijing ,","place":["China"]},{"name":"Beijing Institute of Infectious Diseases, Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University , Beijing 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