{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,31]],"date-time":"2026-07-31T09:58:07Z","timestamp":1785491887222,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":23,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,1]],"date-time":"2026-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1782864000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000133","name":"Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000133","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Expected practice interventions are a low resource antimicrobial stewardship strategy to standardize prescribing behavior by clinicians. An expected practice intervention to encourage use of oral and long-acting IV (PO\/LAIV) antibiotics for serious infections was implemented at a US tertiary care hospital in November of 2022.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We conducted a quasi-experimental pre\/post study to evaluate the effect of guideline release on a primary outcome of length of stay (LOS) and secondary outcomes of inpatient antibiotic days, 3-month readmission, PO\/LAIV antibiotic use, microbiologic failure, and adverse drug events. We also assessed key factors associated with use of PO\/LAIV therapy receipt.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Among 139 encounters, we found a significant increase in the proportion of encounters in which PO\/LAIV therapy was prescribed after the intervention (42.0% vs 60.0%, P = .03). On multivariable analysis, LOS did not differ (adjusted rate ratio [aRR] 0.91; 95% CI, .74\u20131.13), nor did inpatient intravenous antibiotic days (aRR 0.95; 95% CI, .78\u20131.16). Post-implementation encounters had lower odds of 3-month all cause readmission (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 0.37; 95% CI, .17\u2013.77) and higher odds of PO\/LAIV use at discharge (aOR 2.77; 95% CI, 1.28\u20135.99).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Expected practice intervention implementation was associated with an increase in PO\/LAIV therapy use and a reduction in readmission, supporting its role as a promising, low-resource antimicrobial stewardship strategy warranting further prospective evaluation.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/ofid\/ofag396","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,30]],"date-time":"2026-06-30T20:18:12Z","timestamp":1782850692000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Impact of Institutional Expected Practice Guidelines on Oral and Long-acting Intravenous Antibiotic Use for Serious Bacterial Infections"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"13","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6497-6251","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"William","family":"Bradford","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Infectious Diseases, Heersink School of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham , Birmingham, Alabama ,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joshua","family":"Stripling","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Infectious Diseases, Heersink School of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham , Birmingham, Alabama ,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0003-4810-2145","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jay","family":"Olivet","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Infectious Diseases, Heersink School of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham , Birmingham, Alabama ,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"John","family":"Grissom","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"UAB Heersink School of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham , Birmingham, Alabama ,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nomin","family":"Bold","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Infectious Diseases, Heersink School of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham , Birmingham, Alabama ,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8277-2431","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Katia","family":"Bruxvoort","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Alabama at Birmingham , Birmingham, Alabama 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Challenging decades of blood and bone infection dogma: a systematic review","volume":"135","author":"Wald-Dickler","year":"2022","journal-title":"Am J Med"},{"key":"2026073105065896300_ofag396-B9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"672","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciad119","article-title":"Real-world application of oral therapy for infective endocarditis: a multicenter, retrospective, cohort study","volume":"77","author":"Freling","year":"2023","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"key":"2026073105065896300_ofag396-B10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e674","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciaf707","article-title":"Using the comparing oral versus parenteral antimicrobial therapy (COPAT) clinical trial to influence institutional practice transformation towards earlier transition to oral antibiotics","volume":"82","author":"Juskowich","year":"2026","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"key":"2026073105065896300_ofag396-B11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"523","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(23)00756-9","article-title":"Efficacy and safety of an early oral switch in low-risk Staphylococcus aureus bloodstream infection (SABATO): an international, open-label, parallel-group, randomised, controlled, non-inferiority trial","volume":"24","author":"Kaasch","year":"2024","journal-title":"Lancet Infect Dis"},{"key":"2026073105065896300_ofag396-B12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"581","DOI":"10.1002\/jhm.2582","article-title":"Perceptions and practices of physicians regarding outpatient parenteral antibiotic therapy in persons who inject drugs","volume":"11","author":"Fanucchi","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Hosp Med"},{"key":"2026073105065896300_ofag396-B13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e013560","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2016-013560","article-title":"Clinical and cost-effectiveness, safety and acceptability of community intravenous antibiotic service models: CIVAS systematic review","volume":"7","author":"Mitchell","year":"2017","journal-title":"BMJ Open"},{"key":"2026073105065896300_ofag396-B14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1458","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.282.15.1458","article-title":"Why don't physicians follow clinical practice guidelines? 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