{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,24]],"date-time":"2026-07-24T12:05:12Z","timestamp":1784894712929,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,24]],"date-time":"2026-07-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1784851200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":23,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Predictive biomarkers for symptomatic tuberculosis (TB) progression would transform targeted prevention efforts. Although interferon-gamma release assays (IGRAs), including QuantiFERON\u00ae TB-Gold Plus (QFT-Plus), have been studied for this purpose, systematic evaluation of the QFT-Plus TB1 and TB2 Interferon-Gamma (IFN\u03b3) concentrations remains limited, particularly in high-burden TB settings.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Baseline TB1 and TB2 IFN\u03b3 concentrations from 5246 participants (ages 15\u201334 years) in TB-endemic regions were analyzed in relation to subsequent TB outcomes over a median of 525 days follow-up (NCT05190146). Participants were categorized as controls (no TB), suspected TB (no microbiological confirmation), or laboratory-confirmed TB, including a subset meeting a stringent case definition (\u22652 positive microbiologic tests). Associations between baseline IFN\u03b3 concentrations and progression to symptomatic TB were assessed.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In the full cohort (IGRA+\/\u2212 participants), baseline TB2 IFN\u03b3 concentrations were significantly higher compared with controls among participants who developed suspected TB (P = .01), laboratory-confirmed TB (P = .01), or met the stringent case definition (P &amp;lt; .0001). In IGRA+ participants, baseline TB2 concentrations were significantly higher than controls in suspected (P = .01) and laboratory-confirmed (P = .02) groups. Associations with baseline TB1 IFN\u03b3 concentrations and TB progression were observed for participants meeting the stringent case definition within the full cohort (P = .001). Among stringent definition cases, TB2 concentrations achieved an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of 0.84, with sensitivity of 80% and specificity of 78%.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Quantitative IFN\u03b3 concentrations from QFT-Plus, particularly TB2, were associated with progression to symptomatic TB, met or exceeded WHO-recommended sensitivity and specificity thresholds for predictive biomarkers, and may support biomarker-based stratification in TB clinical research.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/ofid\/ofag437","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,16]],"date-time":"2026-07-16T11:45:35Z","timestamp":1784202335000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Associations Between QuantiFERON-TB Gold Plus IFN\u03b3 Concentrations and Progression to Symptomatic Tuberculosis 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