{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T08:25:03Z","timestamp":1787041503627,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,13]],"date-time":"2026-08-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1786579200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":12,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Human Research Ethics Committee approvals","award":["HREC\/85674\/PMCC"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["HREC\/85674\/PMCC"]}]},{"name":"Human Research Ethics Committee approvals","award":["HDEC\/2022EXP\/13381"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["HDEC\/2022EXP\/13381"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Few large studies have evaluated treatment responses and mortality across non-Aspergillus mold infections.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We conducted a retrospective, 21-center, observational study of non-Aspergillus mold infections in Australia and New Zealand. Cases from 2016 to 2023 were identified from each hospital's pathology system. Treatments were recorded and outcomes compared across non-Aspergillus mold infections at day 30, 90, and 180 follow-up. Multivariable analyses were performed to identify factors associated with 90-day mortality and treatment failure.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Of 421 cases, 129 were Mucorales (30.6%), 89 Lomentospora prolificans (21.1%), 82 Scedosporium spp. (19.5%), 30 Fusarium spp. (7.1%), 44 other dematiaceous molds (10.5%), 27 other non-Aspergillus molds (6.4%), and 20 mixed non-Aspergillus mold infections (4.8%). Antifungal therapy was administered in 376 (89.3%), and 219 (52.0%) underwent adjunctive surgery. Among survivors at day 180, 42.6% (n = 115\/270) remained on antifungals, with total duration exceeding 180 days. All-cause 90-day mortality was 31.4% (n = 132\/421), highest in L. prolificans infection (n = 51\/89, 57.3%). Neutropenia (hazard ratio [HR]: 2.19, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.30\u20133.69), intensive care unit admission (HR: 2.51, 95% CI: 1.60\u20133.92), disseminated infection (HR: 2.55, 95% CI: 1.59\u20134.10), Mucorales (HR: 4.87, 95% CI: 2.71\u20138.77), and L. prolificans infections (HR: 3.71, 95% CI: 1.97\u20136.98) were associated with increased 90-day mortality (all P &amp;lt; .001). Adjunctive surgery was associated with a lower 90-day mortality (HR: 0.34, 95% CI: .21\u2013.54, P &amp;lt; .001).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Despite antifungal therapy, L. prolificans infections had the poorest clinical outcomes followed by Mucorales, highlighting the need for improved diagnostic methods and therapeutic strategies.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/ofid\/ofag474","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,10]],"date-time":"2026-08-10T11:25:00Z","timestamp":1786361100000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Management, Outcomes, and Factors Associated With Mortality and Treatment Failure of Non-\n                    <i>Aspergillus<\/i>\n                    Mold Infections: A Multicenter Study in Australia and New Zealand"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"13","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2462-2958","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Chin Fen","family":"Neoh","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"National Centre for Infections in Cancer, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre , Melbourne, Victoria ,","place":["Australia"]},{"name":"Department of Infectious Diseases, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre , Melbourne, Victoria ,","place":["Australia"]},{"name":"Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, The University of Melbourne , Melbourne, Victoria ,","place":["Australia"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sharon C A","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Mycology Reference Laboratory, Centre for Infectious Diseases and Microbiology Laboratory Services, New South Wales Health Pathology, Westmead Hospital , Sydney, New South Wales ,","place":["Australia"]},{"name":"The University of Sydney Institute of Infectious Diseases, Sydney Medical School, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney , Sydney, New South Wales ,","place":["Australia"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Arthur J","family":"Morris","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Microbiology, New Zealand Mycology Reference Laboratory, LabPlus, Auckland City Hospital , Auckland ,","place":["New Zealand"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christopher H","family":"Heath","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology, PathWest Laboratory Medicine, Fiona Stanley Hospital , Murdoch, Western Australia ,","place":["Australia"]},{"name":"Department of Infectious Diseases, Fiona Stanley Hospital , Murdoch, Western Australia ,","place":["Australia"]},{"name":"School of Medicine, University of Western Australia , Crawley, Western Australia ,","place":["Australia"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3248-1614","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Shu Jin","family":"Tan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infectious Diseases, Royal Perth Hospital , Perth, Western Australia ,","place":["Australia"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9918-1846","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rebekah","family":"Lane","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infectious Diseases, Te Toka Tumai, Auckland City Hospital , Auckland ,","place":["New Zealand"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shio Yen","family":"Tio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Centre for Infections in Cancer, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre , Melbourne, Victoria ,","place":["Australia"]},{"name":"Department of Infectious Diseases, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre , Melbourne, Victoria ,","place":["Australia"]},{"name":"Victorian Infectious Diseases Service, Royal Melbourne Hospital , Melbourne, Victoria ,","place":["Australia"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sze Yen","family":"Tay","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infectious Diseases, Royal Darwin Hospital , Darwin, Northern Territory ,","place":["Australia"]},{"name":"ACT Pathology, Canberra Health Services , Canberra, Australian Capital Territory ,","place":["Australia"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Matthew B","family":"Roberts","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infectious Diseases, Royal Adelaide Hospital , Adelaide, South Australia ,","place":["Australia"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Karina","family":"Kennedy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"ACT Pathology, Canberra Health Services , Canberra, Australian Capital Territory ,","place":["Australia"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sebastiaan J","family":"van Hal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The University of Sydney Institute of Infectious Diseases, Sydney Medical School, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney , Sydney, New South Wales ,","place":["Australia"]},{"name":"Department of Infectious Diseases, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital , Camperdown, New South Wales ,","place":["Australia"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hugh C","family":"Murray","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infectious Diseases, St Vincent\u2019s Hospital Melbourne , Melbourne, Victoria ,","place":["Australia"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3387-499X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Robert","family":"Pickles","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of 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,","place":["Australia"]},{"name":"Department of Infectious Diseases, Austin Health , Heidelberg, Victoria ,","place":["Australia"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9275-578X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Karen","family":"Urbancic","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Centre for Infections in Cancer, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre , Melbourne, Victoria ,","place":["Australia"]},{"name":"Department of Infectious Diseases, Austin Health , Heidelberg, Victoria ,","place":["Australia"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mahesh","family":"Menon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infectious Diseases, Wesley Hospital , Brisbane, Queensland 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Medicine, University of Wollongong , Wollongong, New South Wales ,","place":["Australia"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Spiros","family":"Miyakis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infectious Diseases, Wollongong Hospital , Wollongong, New South Wales ,","place":["Australia"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3399-7006","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rohan","family":"Beresford","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infectious Diseases, Concord Repatriation General Hospital , Concord, New South Wales ,","place":["Australia"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4542-8508","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Louise","family":"Cooley","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Royal Hobart Hospital , Hobart, Tasmania 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Adelaide , Adelaide ,","place":["Australia"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David C M","family":"Kong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Medicine Use and Safety, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University , Melbourne ,","place":["Australia"]},{"name":"The National Centre for Antimicrobial Stewardship, The Peter Doherty Institute for Infections and Immunity , Melbourne ,","place":["Australia"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9204-3216","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tim","family":"Spelman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Health Services Research, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre , Melbourne ,","place":["Australia"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Leon J","family":"Worth","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Centre for Infections in Cancer, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre , Melbourne, Victoria ,","place":["Australia"]},{"name":"Department of Infectious Diseases, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre , Melbourne, Victoria ,","place":["Australia"]},{"name":"Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, The University of Melbourne , Melbourne, Victoria ,","place":["Australia"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8443-314X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Monica A","family":"Slavin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Centre for Infections in Cancer, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre , Melbourne, Victoria ,","place":["Australia"]},{"name":"Department of Infectious Diseases, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre , Melbourne, Victoria ,","place":["Australia"]},{"name":"Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, The University of Melbourne , Melbourne, Victoria ,","place":["Australia"]},{"name":"Victorian Infectious Diseases Service, Royal 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