{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,18]],"date-time":"2026-09-18T10:07:36Z","timestamp":1789726056538,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":21,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,20]],"date-time":"2026-08-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1787184000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Andalusian General Secretariat for Research, Development, and Innovation in Health","award":["PI-0287-2019"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PI-0287-2019"]}]},{"name":"Spanish Ministry of Health","award":["RD12\/0017\/0012"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RD12\/0017\/0012"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100008530","name":"European Regional Development Fund","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100008530","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004587","name":"Carlos III Health Institute","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["PI21\/00793"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PI21\/00793"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004587","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004587","name":"Carlos III Health Institute","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["PI22\/01098"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PI22\/01098"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004587","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004587","name":"Carlos III Health Institute","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["PI21\/00793"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PI21\/00793"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004587","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004587","name":"Carlos III Health Institute","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["PI22\/01098"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PI22\/01098"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004587","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000780","name":"European Union","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000780","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Instituto de Salud Carlos III-ISCIII","award":["CM24\/00099"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CM24\/00099"]}],"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/00ca2c886","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"name":"Instituto de Salud Carlos III-ISCIII","award":["JR24\/00047"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["JR24\/00047"]}],"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/00ca2c886","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"name":"Spanish Junta de Andaluc\u00eda","award":["C1-0001-2023"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["C1-0001-2023"]}],"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/01jem9c82","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Measles is re-emerging in highly vaccinated settings, where small gaps in adult immunity may persist. Standard IgG assays are widely used to assess measles immunity, but negative or borderline results may not reflect absence of functional protection. HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis (HIV-PrEP) programs provide regular preventive-care contact and may offer an opportunity to review adult measles immunity. We assessed measles immunity in a Spanish HIV-PrEP cohort using chemiluminescence immunoassay (ChLIA) and neutralization testing (NT).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We performed a cross-sectional analysis of 155 participants enrolled in a prospective HIV-PrEP cohort in C\u00f3rdoba, Spain. Measles-specific IgG was measured by ChLIA. All ChLIA-negative or borderline samples, together with 30 randomly selected ChLIA-positive samples, underwent NT. Confirmed susceptibility was defined as ChLIA-negative\/borderline and NT negative.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Among participants, 149 (96.1%) were male and the median age was 37 years. ChLIA classified 125 participants (80.6%) as IgG-positive, 27 (17.4%) as negative, and 3 (1.9%) as borderline. Among 30 ChLIA-negative\/borderline samples, 23 (76.7%) were NT positive and 7 (23.3%) NT negative. All 30 randomly selected ChLIA-positive samples were NT positive. Overall, 7 participants (4.5%) lacked confirmed measles immunity. All were Spanish-born men aged 26\u201339 years, and 4 had documented 2-dose measles\u2013mumps\u2013rubella vaccination completed at least 20 years before inclusion.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Confirmed measles susceptibility was uncommon in this HIV-PrEP cohort. Most participants with negative or borderline ChLIA results retained neutralizing antibodies, indicating that isolated ChLIA findings may overestimate susceptibility. Routine adult preventive-care encounters may provide opportunities to review measles immunity documentation.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/ofid\/ofag527","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,19]],"date-time":"2026-08-19T11:47:39Z","timestamp":1787140059000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Bridging the Gap: Measles Susceptibility and Neutralization Test-Confirmed Immunity in a Spanish HIV-PrEP Cohort"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"13","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6777-7098","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Claudia","family":"Ferreira-Tata","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Infectious Diseases Department, Reina Sofia University Hospital, Maimonides Institute for Biomedical Research of Cordoba (IMIBIC), University of Cordoba (UCO) , Cordoba ,","place":["Spain"]},{"name":"Center for Biomedical Research Network (CIBER)\u2014Infectious Diseases (CIBERINFEC), Carlos III Health Institute (ISCIII) , Madrid ,","place":["Spain"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8059-7171","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Diana","family":"Corona-Mata","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Infectious Diseases Department, Reina Sofia University Hospital, Maimonides Institute for Biomedical Research of Cordoba (IMIBIC), University of Cordoba (UCO) , Cordoba ,","place":["Spain"]},{"name":"Center for Biomedical Research Network (CIBER)\u2014Infectious Diseases (CIBERINFEC), Carlos III Health Institute (ISCIII) , Madrid ,","place":["Spain"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0002-9430-4429","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sara","family":"Ruiz-Vel\u00e1zquez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Infectious Diseases Department, Reina Sofia University Hospital, Maimonides Institute for Biomedical Research of Cordoba (IMIBIC), University of Cordoba (UCO) , Cordoba ,","place":["Spain"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9655-817X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ana Bel\u00e9n","family":"P\u00e9rez-Jim\u00e9nez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Biomedical Research Network (CIBER)\u2014Infectious Diseases (CIBERINFEC), Carlos III Health Institute (ISCIII) , Madrid ,","place":["Spain"]},{"name":"Clinical Microbiology Unit Department, Reina Sof\u00eda University Hospital, Maimonides Institute for Biomedical Research of C\u00f3rdoba (IMIBIC) , Cordoba ,","place":["Spain"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ana M","family":"Gavil\u00e1n","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Center of Microbiology, Carlos III Health Institute (ISCIII) , Madrid ,","place":["Spain"]},{"name":"Center for Biomedical Research Network (CIBER) Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Carlos III Health Institute (ISCIII) , Madrid ,","place":["Spain"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marina","family":"Gallo-Mar\u00edn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Infectious Diseases Department, Reina Sofia University Hospital, Maimonides Institute for Biomedical Research of Cordoba (IMIBIC), University of Cordoba (UCO) , Cordoba ,","place":["Spain"]},{"name":"Center for Biomedical Research Network (CIBER)\u2014Infectious Diseases (CIBERINFEC), Carlos III Health Institute (ISCIII) , Madrid ,","place":["Spain"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3488-7135","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ignacio","family":"P\u00e9rez-Valero","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Infectious Diseases Department, Reina Sofia University Hospital, Maimonides Institute for Biomedical Research of Cordoba (IMIBIC), University of Cordoba (UCO) , Cordoba ,","place":["Spain"]},{"name":"Center for Biomedical Research Network (CIBER)\u2014Infectious Diseases (CIBERINFEC), Carlos III Health Institute (ISCIII) , Madrid ,","place":["Spain"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"\u00c1ngela","family":"Camacho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Infectious Diseases Department, Reina Sofia University Hospital, Maimonides Institute for Biomedical Research of Cordoba (IMIBIC), University of Cordoba (UCO) , Cordoba ,","place":["Spain"]},{"name":"Center for Biomedical Research Network (CIBER)\u2014Infectious Diseases (CIBERINFEC), Carlos III Health Institute (ISCIII) , Madrid ,","place":["Spain"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5813-6889","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Antonio","family":"Rivero-Ju\u00e1rez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Infectious Diseases Department, Reina Sofia University Hospital, Maimonides Institute for Biomedical Research of Cordoba (IMIBIC), University of Cordoba (UCO) , Cordoba ,","place":["Spain"]},{"name":"Center for Biomedical Research Network (CIBER)\u2014Infectious Diseases (CIBERINFEC), Carlos III Health Institute (ISCIII) , Madrid ,","place":["Spain"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Aurora Fern\u00e1ndez","family":"Garc\u00eda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Center of Microbiology, Carlos III Health Institute (ISCIII) , Madrid ,","place":["Spain"]},{"name":"Center for Biomedical Research Network (CIBER) Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Carlos III Health Institute (ISCIII) , Madrid ,","place":["Spain"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8643-4250","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Antonio","family":"Rivero","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Infectious Diseases Department, Reina Sofia University Hospital, Maimonides Institute for Biomedical Research of Cordoba (IMIBIC), University of Cordoba (UCO) , Cordoba ,","place":["Spain"]},{"name":"Center for Biomedical Research Network (CIBER)\u2014Infectious Diseases (CIBERINFEC), Carlos III Health Institute (ISCIII) , Madrid ,","place":["Spain"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026091805314847200_ofag527-B1","article-title":"Measles cases and deaths are increasing worldwide, warn health agencies","volume":"371","author":"Tanne","year":"2020","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"2026091805314847200_ofag527-B2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1036","DOI":"10.15585\/mmwr.mm7345a4","article-title":"Progress toward measles elimination \u2014 worldwide, 2000\u20132023","volume":"73","author":"Minta","year":"2024","journal-title":"Morb Mortal Wkly Rep"},{"key":"2026091805314847200_ofag527-B3","author":"European Centre for Disease Prevention and 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Sanidad; Instituto de Salud Carlos III; Centro Nacional de Epidemiolog\u00eda"},{"key":"2026091805314847200_ofag527-B8","author":"Organizaci\u00f3n Mundial de la Salud"},{"key":"2026091805314847200_ofag527-B9","author":"Centro Nacional de Epidemiolog\u00eda, Centro Nacional de Microbiolog\u00eda, CIBERESP, CIBERINFEC, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Ministerio de Sanidad"},{"key":"2026091805314847200_ofag527-B10","author":"Centro Nacional de Epidemiolog\u00eda, Instituto de Salud Carlos III"},{"key":"2026091805314847200_ofag527-B11","author":"World Health Organization"},{"key":"2026091805314847200_ofag527-B12","article-title":"Methodology of the 2nd seroprevalence study in Spain","volume":"93","author":"Limia S\u00e1nchez","year":"2019","journal-title":"Rev Esp Salud P\u00fablica"},{"key":"2026091805314847200_ofag527-B13","author":"World Health 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Methods in molecular biology","author":"Santibanez","year":"2024"}],"container-title":["Open Forum Infectious Diseases"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/ofid\/advance-article-pdf\/doi\/10.1093\/ofid\/ofag527\/70722094\/ofag527.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"am","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/ofid\/article-pdf\/13\/9\/ofag527\/70722094\/ofag527.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/ofid\/article-pdf\/13\/9\/ofag527\/70722094\/ofag527.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,18]],"date-time":"2026-09-18T09:32:08Z","timestamp":1789723928000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/ofid\/article\/doi\/10.1093\/ofid\/ofag527\/8766970"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,20]]},"references-count":21,"journal-issue":{"issue":"9","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/ofid\/ofag527","relation":{},"ISSN":["2328-8957"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2328-8957","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published-other":{"date-parts":[[2026,9]]},"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,20]]},"article-number":"ofag527"}}