{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,28]],"date-time":"2026-09-28T00:24:11Z","timestamp":1790555051894,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,11,11]],"date-time":"2016-11-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1478822400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":680,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000060","name":"National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000060","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["UM1 AI068634"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UM1 AI068634"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["UM1 AI068636"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UM1 AI068636"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["UM1 AI106701"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UM1 AI106701"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"the National Institute of Aging"},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["K23AG050260"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["K23AG050260"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Gilead Sciences, Inc"},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100004330","name":"GlaxoSmithKline","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100004330","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,9,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Background. \u2003Existing data on anthropomorphic changes in resource-limited settings primarily come from observational or cross-sectional studies. Data from randomized clinical trials are needed to inform treatment decisions in these areas of the world.<\/jats:p><jats:p>Methods. \u2003The AIDS Clinical Trials Group Prospective Evaluation of Antiretrovirals in Resource-Limited Settings (PEARLS) study was a prospective, randomized evaluation of the efficacy of emtricitabine\/tenofovir + efavirenz (FTC\/TDF + EFV) vs lamivudine\/zidovudine + efavirenz (3TC\/ZDV + EFV) for the initial treatment of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-1-infected individuals from resource-diverse settings. Changes in anthropomorphic measures were analyzed using mixed-effect models for repeated measurements, using all available measurements at weeks 48, 96, and 144. Intent-to-treat results are presented; as-treated results were similar.<\/jats:p><jats:p>Results. \u2003Five hundred twenty-six participants were randomized to FTC\/TDF + EFV, and 519 participants were randomized to 3TC\/ZDV + EFV. Significantly greater increases from baseline to week 144 were seen among those randomized to FTC\/TDF + EFV vs 3TC\/ZDV + EFV in all measures except waist-to-hip ratio, with the following mean changes: weight, 4.8 vs 3.0 kg; body mass index, 1.8 vs 1.1 kg\/m2; mid-arm, 1.7 vs 0.7 cm; waist, 5.2 vs 4.3 cm; hip, 3.8 vs 1.4 cm; and mid-thigh circumference, 3.1 vs 0.9 cm. There were 7 clinical diagnoses of lipoatrophy in the 3TC\/ZDV + EFV arm compared with none in the FTC\/TDF + EFV arm. The proportion of overweight or obese participants increased from 25% (week 0) to 42% (week 144) for FTC\/TDF + EFV and from 26% to 38% for 3TC\/ZDV + EFV.<\/jats:p><jats:p>Conclusions. \u2003Our findings support first-line use of FTC\/TDF + EFV in resource-limited settings and emphasize the need for interventions to limit weight gain among overweight or obese HIV-infected participants in all settings.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/ofid\/ofv095","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,7,23]],"date-time":"2015-07-23T02:11:07Z","timestamp":1437617467000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":26,"title":["A Randomized Comparison of Anthropomorphic Changes With Preferred and Alternative Efavirenz-Based Antiretroviral Regimens in Diverse Multinational Settings"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"2","author":[{"given":"Kristine M.","family":"Erlandson","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Colorado, Aurora"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sineenart","family":"Taejaroenkul","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Chiang Mai University, Thailand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Laura","family":"Smeaton","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Amita","family":"Gupta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Isaac L.","family":"Singini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Malawi College of Medicine, Blantyre"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Javier R.","family":"Lama","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Asociaci\u00f3n Civil Impacta Salud y Educaci\u00f3n, Lima, Peru"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rosie","family":"Mngqibisa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Enhancing Care Foundation, Durban University of Technology, South Africa"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cynthia","family":"Firnhaber","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesberg, South Africa"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sandra Wagner","family":"Cardoso","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto de Pesquisa Clinica Evandro Chagas, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cecilia","family":"Kanyama","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of North Carolina Project, Lilongwe, Malawi"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andre L.","family":"Machado da Silva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nossa Senhora da Concei\u00e7\u00e3o Hospital, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"James G.","family":"Hakim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Zimbabwe-Parirenyatwa, Harare"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nagalingeswaran","family":"Kumarasamy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"YRGCARE Medical Centre, Voluntary Health Services, Chennai, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Thomas B.","family":"Campbell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Colorado, Aurora"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael D.","family":"Hughes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2015,6,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"2020081009062516600_OFV095C1","article-title":"Consolidated guidelines on the use of antiretroviral drugs for treating and preventing HIV infection: recommendations for a public health approach","author":"World Health Organization"},{"key":"2020081009062516600_OFV095C2","article-title":"Global update on the health sector response to HIV","author":"World Health Organization"},{"key":"2020081009062516600_OFV095C3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"185","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/cir324","article-title":"Peripheral and central fat changes in subjects randomized to abacavir-lamivudine or tenofovir-emtricitabine with atazanavir-ritonavir or efavirenz: ACTG Study A5224s","volume":"53","author":"McComsey","year":"2011","journal-title":"Clin Infect 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