{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,29]],"date-time":"2025-11-29T07:34:24Z","timestamp":1764401664201,"version":"3.41.2"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,11,11]],"date-time":"2016-11-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1478822400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":680,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"United States Air Force, 59th Medical Wing\/Science and Technology, Air Education and Training Command"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,9,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p>Background. \u2003Adenovirus (Ad) has long been the predominant cause of acute respiratory illness (ARI) in military trainees. In 2011, live oral Ad vaccines for serotypes 4 and 7 were reintroduced into US basic military training populations. This study evaluated the impact on clinical presentations and other respiratory pathogens.<\/jats:p>\n               <jats:p>Methods. \u2003The Center for Advanced Molecular Detection at Joint Base San Antonio-Lackland prospectively collects demographic, clinical, and polymerase chain reaction data from respiratory specimens (throat swab and nasal wash) among Air Force trainees presenting for care of ARI.<\/jats:p>\n               <jats:p>Results. \u2003From June 2008 to August 2013, 2660 trainees enrolled and were tested for selected respiratory pathogens. Post-vaccine introduction (VI), reported systemic symptoms were less frequent, including fever (38% vs 94%) and myalgia (37% vs 67%; P &amp;lt; .01). Median temperature and heart rate decreased (98.4 vs 101.3\u00b0F, 81 vs 96 beats per minute; P &amp;lt; .01). Ad detection decreased for all Ad (3% vs 68%), Ad4 (1% vs 70%), 7 (0% vs 8%), 14 (0% vs 5%), and 3 (0.1% vs 2%); P &amp;lt; .01). Rhinovirus and cases with no pathogen identified increased in frequency (35% vs 18%, 51% vs 14%; P &amp;lt; .01).<\/jats:p>\n               <jats:p>Conclusions. \u2003Acute respiratory illness in military trainees post-VI is associated with decreased severity of systemic symptoms and reduced fever and heart rate. Marked reductions in frequency of Ad serotypes are seen, including those in the vaccine, with no serotype shift. However, detection of several other respiratory pathogens, most notably rhinovirus, is observed in increasing proportions, and a majority are now undiagnosed clinical syndromes.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/ofid\/ofv120","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,9,2]],"date-time":"2015-09-02T00:29:18Z","timestamp":1441153758000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["Changes in Clinical Presentation and Epidemiology of Respiratory Pathogens Associated With Acute Respiratory Illness in Military Trainees After Reintroduction of Adenovirus Vaccine"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"2","author":[{"given":"Heather C.","family":"Yun","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"San Antonio Military Medical Center, Joint Base San Antonio-Fort Sam Houston, Texas"},{"name":"Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, Maryland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Adam N.","family":"Young","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"San Antonio Military Medical Center, Joint Base San Antonio-Fort Sam Houston, Texas"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Manuel Y.","family":"Caballero","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"59MDW\/ST Joint Base San Antonio-Lackland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lisa","family":"Lott","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"59MDW\/ST Joint Base San Antonio-Lackland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Thomas L.","family":"Cropper","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Trainee Health Surveillance, Joint Base San Antonio-Lackland, Texas"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Clinton K.","family":"Murray","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"San Antonio Military Medical Center, Joint Base San Antonio-Fort Sam Houston, Texas"},{"name":"Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, Maryland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2015,9,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"2020081009271761000_OFV120C1","first-page":"23","article-title":"Surveillance snapshot: illness and injury burdens among U.S. military recruit trainees, 2011","volume":"19","author":"Armed Forces Health Surveillance Center (AFHSC)","year":"2012","journal-title":"MSMR"},{"key":"2020081009271761000_OFV120C2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"606","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199108293250903","article-title":"Psychological stress and susceptibility to the common cold","volume":"325","author":"Cohen","year":"1991","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"2020081009271761000_OFV120C3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"877","DOI":"10.1086\/507426","article-title":"Transmission dynamics and prospective environmental sampling of adenovirus in a military recruit setting","volume":"194","author":"Russell","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Infect Dis"},{"key":"2020081009271761000_OFV120C4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"262","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1749-6632.1957.tb46049.x","article-title":"Epidemiology of adenovirus respiratory infections in military recruit populations","volume":"67","author":"Hilleman","year":"1957","journal-title":"Ann N Y Acad Sci"},{"key":"2020081009271761000_OFV120C5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"142","DOI":"10.1093\/oxfordjournals.aje.a121306","article-title":"Control of respiratory disease in recruits with types 4 and 7 adenovirus vaccines","volume":"94","author":"Top","year":"1971","journal-title":"Am J Epidemiol"},{"key":"2020081009271761000_OFV120C6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"663","DOI":"10.1086\/313999","article-title":"Adult adenovirus infections: loss of orphaned vaccines precipitates military respiratory disease epidemics. 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