{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,29]],"date-time":"2026-01-29T23:13:36Z","timestamp":1769728416932,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":21,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,4,25]],"date-time":"2019-04-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1556150400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001691","name":"Japan Society for the Promotion of Science KAKENHI","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["JP17K17933"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["JP17K17933"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001691","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,5,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Recurrent infections of Helicobacter cinaedi are often reported, and long-term antimicrobial treatment is empirically recommended to prevent such infections. However, there have been no studies examining whether recurrent infections are relapses of former infections or reinfections with different clones.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>A 69-year-old woman presented with recurrent H cinaedi bacteremia-associated cellulitis after a 51-day interval. We isolated 10 colonies from the blood cultures obtained during each of the 2 episodes and subjected them to whole-genome sequencing (WGS). High-confidence single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were identified by an assembly based method. Heterogeneous SNP sites were identified by read mapping. The susceptibility of a representative isolate to 14 antimicrobials was also examined.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Whole-genome sequence analysis revealed only 6 SNP sites among the 20 isolates at the whole-genome level. Based on the 6 SNPs, 5 within-host variants (referred to as genotypes) were identified. All 5 genotypes were detected in the first infection; however, only 2 genotypes were detected in the second infection. Although the H cinaedi clone showed a higher minimum inhibitory concentration to fluoroquinolones and macrolides and responsible mutations were identified, none of the 6 SNPs appeared related to additional resistance.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>The second infection analyzed here was a relapse of the first infection. A certain level of within-host genomic heterogeneity of the H cinaedi clone was already present in the first infection. Our results suggest the importance of longer treatment courses to eradicate H cinaedi for preventing the relapse of its infection.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/ofid\/ofz200","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,4,25]],"date-time":"2019-04-25T03:53:11Z","timestamp":1556164391000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Genome Sequencing Verifies Relapsed Infection of Helicobacter cinaedi"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"6","author":[{"given":"Osamu","family":"Sawada","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Center of Nephrology and Connective Tissue Disease, Japan Community Health Care Organization Hokkaido Hospital, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yasuhiro","family":"Gotoh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Bacteriology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Takako","family":"Taniguchi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Animal Disease Control, University of Miyazaki, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shota","family":"Furukawa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center of Nephrology and Connective Tissue Disease, Japan Community Health Care Organization Hokkaido Hospital, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Dai","family":"Yoshimura","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Graduate School of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Satomi","family":"Sasaki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Animal Disease Control, University of Miyazaki, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Haruki","family":"Shida","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center of Nephrology and Connective Tissue Disease, Japan Community Health Care Organization Hokkaido Hospital, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yoshihiro","family":"Kusunoki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center of Nephrology and Connective Tissue Disease, Japan Community Health Care Organization Hokkaido Hospital, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tsuyoshi","family":"Yamamura","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center of Nephrology and Connective Tissue Disease, Japan Community Health Care Organization Hokkaido Hospital, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ken","family":"Furuya","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center of Nephrology and Connective Tissue Disease, Japan Community Health Care Organization Hokkaido Hospital, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Takehiko","family":"Itoh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Graduate School of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tetsuya","family":"Horita","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center of Nephrology and Connective Tissue Disease, Japan Community Health Care Organization Hokkaido Hospital, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tetsuya","family":"Hayashi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Bacteriology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Naoaki","family":"Misawa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Animal Disease Control, University of Miyazaki, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,4,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"2020081003481277000_CIT0001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"131","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/151.1.131","article-title":"Campylobacter cinaedi (sp. nov.) and Campylobacter fennelliae (sp. nov.): two new Campylobacter species associated with enteric disease in homosexual men","volume":"151","author":"Totten","year":"1985","journal-title":"J Infect Dis"},{"key":"2020081003481277000_CIT0002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e12458","DOI":"10.1111\/hel.12458","article-title":"First evidence of bacterial translocation from the intestinal tract as a route of Helicobacter cinaedi bacteremia","volume":"23","author":"Araoka","year":"2018","journal-title":"Helicobacter"},{"key":"2020081003481277000_CIT0003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"201","DOI":"10.1086\/313930","article-title":"Helicobacter cinaedi septic arthritis and bacteremia in an immunocompetent patient","volume":"31","author":"Lasry","year":"2000","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"key":"2020081003481277000_CIT0004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"31","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.01507-06","article-title":"Helicobacter cinaedi cellulitis and bacteremia in immunocompetent hosts after orthopedic surgery","volume":"45","author":"Kitamura","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Clin Microbiol"},{"key":"2020081003481277000_CIT0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"517","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jiac.2014.06.007","article-title":"Clinical and bacteriological characteristics of Helicobacter cinaedi infection","volume":"20","author":"Kawamura","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Infect Chemother"},{"key":"2020081003481277000_CIT0006","first-page":"ofx272","article-title":"Getting to","volume":"5","author":"Boonyaratanakornkit","year":"2017","journal-title":"Open Forum Infect Dis"},{"key":"2020081003481277000_CIT0007","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"398","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jdcr.2017.05.009","article-title":"Chronic Helicobacter cinaedi cellulitis diagnosed by microbial polymerase chain reaction","volume":"3","author":"Matsumoto","year":"2017","journal-title":"JAAD Case Rep"},{"key":"2020081003481277000_CIT0008","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"586","DOI":"10.1186\/s12879-014-0586-0","article-title":"First case of infective endocarditis caused by Helicobacter cinaedi","volume":"14","author":"Bartels","year":"2014","journal-title":"BMC Infect Dis"},{"key":"2020081003481277000_CIT0009","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1519","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.00265-14","article-title":"Clinical characteristics of bacteremia caused by Helicobacter cinaedi and time required for blood cultures to become positive","volume":"52","author":"Araoka","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Clin Microbiol"},{"key":"2020081003481277000_CIT0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2439","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.01035-13","article-title":"Helicobacter cinaedi and Helicobacter fennelliae transmission in a hospital from 2008 to 2012","volume":"51","author":"Rimbara","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Clin Microbiol"},{"key":"2020081003481277000_CIT0011","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1099\/mgen.0.000236","article-title":"Multi-step genomic dissection of a suspected intra-hospital Helicobacter cinaedi outbreak","volume":"5","author":"Gotoh","year":"2019","journal-title":"Microbial Genomics"},{"key":"2020081003481277000_CIT0012","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"573","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciy114","article-title":"Risk factors for recurrent Helicobacter cinaedi bacteremia and the efficacy of selective digestive decontamination with kanamycin to prevent recurrence","volume":"67","author":"Araoka","year":"2018","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"key":"2020081003481277000_CIT0013","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.2.6078.9","article-title":"Campylobacter enteritis: a \u201cnew\u201d disease","volume":"2","author":"Skirrow","year":"1977","journal-title":"Br Med J"},{"key":"2020081003481277000_CIT0014","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3893","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.01622-12","article-title":"Identification of and screening for human Helicobacter cinaedi infections and carriers via nested PCR","volume":"50","author":"Oyama","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Clin Microbiol"},{"key":"2020081003481277000_CIT0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"95","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.01798-13","article-title":"Rapid identification and subtyping of Helicobacter cinaedi strains by intact-cell mass spectrometry profiling with the use of matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry","volume":"52","author":"Taniguchi","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Clin Microbiol"},{"key":"2020081003481277000_CIT0016","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2940","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.33.11.2940-2947.1995","article-title":"Genotypic and phenotypic characterization of Helicobacter cinaedi and Helicobacter fennelliae strains isolated from humans and animals","volume":"33","author":"Kiehlbauch","year":"1995","journal-title":"J Clin Microbiol"},{"key":"2020081003481277000_CIT0017","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2114","DOI":"10.1093\/bioinformatics\/btu170","article-title":"Trimmomatic: a flexible trimmer for Illumina sequence data","volume":"30","author":"Bolger","year":"2014","journal-title":"Bioinformatics"},{"key":"2020081003481277000_CIT0018","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1384","DOI":"10.1101\/gr.170720.113","article-title":"Efficient de novo assembly of highly heterozygous genomes from whole-genome shotgun short reads","volume":"24","author":"Kajitani","year":"2014","journal-title":"Genome Res"},{"key":"2020081003481277000_CIT0019","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"R12","DOI":"10.1186\/gb-2004-5-2-r12","article-title":"Versatile and open software for comparing large genomes","volume":"5","author":"Kurtz","year":"2004","journal-title":"Genome Biol"},{"key":"2020081003481277000_CIT0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1754","DOI":"10.1093\/bioinformatics\/btp324","article-title":"Fast and accurate short read alignment with Burrows-Wheeler transform","volume":"25","author":"Li","year":"2009","journal-title":"Bioinformatics"},{"key":"2020081003481277000_CIT0021","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2068","DOI":"10.1093\/bioinformatics\/btu153","article-title":"Prokka: rapid prokaryotic genome annotation","volume":"30","author":"Seemann","year":"2014","journal-title":"Bioinformatics"}],"container-title":["Open Forum Infectious Diseases"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/academic.oup.com\/ofid\/advance-article-pdf\/doi\/10.1093\/ofid\/ofz200\/28522521\/ofz200.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"am","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"http:\/\/academic.oup.com\/ofid\/article-pdf\/6\/5\/ofz200\/33575370\/ofz200.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"http:\/\/academic.oup.com\/ofid\/article-pdf\/6\/5\/ofz200\/33575370\/ofz200.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,10]],"date-time":"2020-08-10T08:02:56Z","timestamp":1597046576000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/ofid\/article\/doi\/10.1093\/ofid\/ofz200\/5479452"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2019,4,25]]},"references-count":21,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,5,1]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/ofid\/ofz200","relation":{},"ISSN":["2328-8957"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2328-8957","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published-other":{"date-parts":[[2019,5]]},"published":{"date-parts":[[2019,4,25]]},"article-number":"ofz200"}}