{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,30]],"date-time":"2026-09-30T18:26:43Z","timestamp":1790792803469,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,5,6]],"date-time":"2019-05-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1557100800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000102","name":"Health Resources and Services Administration","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000102","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000016","name":"US Department of Health and Human Services","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["T32 HP10031"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["T32 HP10031"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000016","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"name":"Boston Veterans Affairs Healthcare System"},{"name":"Houston VA Center for Innovations in Quality, Effectiveness and Safety","award":["CIN13-413"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CIN13-413"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,6,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>The optimal approach for treating outpatient male urinary tract infections (UTIs) is unclear. We studied the current management of male UTI in private outpatient clinics, and we evaluated antibiotic choice, treatment duration, and the outcome of recurrence of UTI.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Visits for all male patients 18 years of age and older during 2011\u20132015 with International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision, Clinical Modification codes for UTI or associated symptoms were extracted from the EPIC Clarity Database of 2 family medicine, 2 urology, and 1 internal medicine clinics. For eligible visits in which an antibiotic was prescribed, we extracted data on the antibiotic used, treatment duration, recurrent UTI episodes, and patient medical and surgical history.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>A total of 637 visits were included for 573 unique patients (mean age 53.7 [\u00b116.7 years]). Fluoroquinolones were the most commonly prescribed antibiotics (69.7%), followed by trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (21.2%), nitrofurantoin (5.3%), and beta-lactams (3.8%). Antibiotic choice was not associated with UTI recurrence. In the overall cohort, longer treatment duration was not significantly associated with UTI recurrence (odds ratio [OR] = 1.95; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.91\u20134.21). Longer treatment was associated with increased recurrence after excluding men with urologic abnormalities, immunocompromising conditions, prostatitis, pyelonephritis, nephrolithiasis, and benign prostatic hyperplasia (OR = 2.62; 95% CI, 1.04\u20136.61).<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Our study adds evidence that men with UTI without evidence of complicating conditions do not need to be treated for longer than 7 days. Shorter duration of treatment was not associated with increased risk of recurrence. Shorter treatment durations for many infections, including UTI, are becoming more attractive to reduce the risk of resistance, adverse events, and costs.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/ofid\/ofz216","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,5,7]],"date-time":"2019-05-07T19:08:13Z","timestamp":1557256093000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":45,"title":["No Clinical Benefit to Treating Male Urinary Tract Infection Longer Than Seven Days: An Outpatient Database Study"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"6","author":[{"given":"George J","family":"Germanos","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Family and Community Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Barbara W","family":"Trautner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Section of Health Services Research, Departments of Medicine and Surgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas"},{"name":"Houston VA Center for Innovations in Quality, Effectiveness and Safety (IQuESt), Michael E. DeBakey Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Texas"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Roger J","family":"Zoorob","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Family and Community Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jason L","family":"Salemi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Family and Community Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dimitri","family":"Drekonja","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, Infectious Diseases, Minneapolis Veterans Affairs Health Care System, Minnesota"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kalpana","family":"Gupta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Section of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Boston Veterans Affairs Healthcare System and Boston University School of Medicine, Massachusetts"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Larissa","family":"Grigoryan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Family and Community Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,5,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"2020081003570545800_CIT0001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.1016\/S0732-8893(01)00284-X","article-title":"Four-year prospective evaluation of community-acquired bacteremia: epidemiology, microbiology, and patient outcome","volume":"41","author":"Lark","year":"2001","journal-title":"Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis"},{"key":"2020081003570545800_CIT0002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"431","DOI":"10.1093\/ageing\/22.6.431","article-title":"Bloodstream infections in patients older than eighty years","volume":"22","author":"Leibovici","year":"1993","journal-title":"Age Ageing"},{"key":"2020081003570545800_CIT0003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"562","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMcp1503950","article-title":"Clinical Practice. 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