{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,29]],"date-time":"2025-08-29T10:02:31Z","timestamp":1756461751235,"version":"3.41.2"},"reference-count":15,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,25]],"date-time":"2024-03-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1711324800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":24,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p>Syphilis is a sexually transmitted disease caused by the spirochete bacterium Treponema pallidum. Syphilis is a significant public health issue, notably in (HIV) positive patients. Due to the absence of pathognomonic signs in secondary syphilis and its ability to present and mimic a wide variety of clinical findings, it gained the name \u201cthe Great imitator \u2018(mimicker).\u2019 Herein, we describe a case of a 51-year-old man who presented with acute painless loss of vision of the right eye preceded by a few erythematous plaques with thick scales over bilateral legs and multiple discrete and confluent scaly papules over the palms and soles. During the hospital stay, a diagnosis of non-arteritic anterior ischemic optic neuropathy (NAION) as a manifestation of neurosyphilis is made. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first reported case of NAION as the presenting symptom of neurosyphilis in secondary syphilis in an immunocompetent patient.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/omcr\/omae012","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,25]],"date-time":"2024-03-25T12:55:33Z","timestamp":1711371333000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Secondary syphilis presenting with non-arteritic anterior ischemic optic neuropathy (NAION)"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"2024","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4735-9796","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fares A","family":"AlKhayal","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Prince Sultan Military Medical City Dermatology and Dermatologic Surgery Department, , Riyadh, Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Moath K","family":"Albusair","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Prince Sultan Military Medical City Dermatology and Dermatologic Surgery Department, , Riyadh, Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"2024032512551669300_ref1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1434","DOI":"10.1111\/ijd.12518","article-title":"The great imitator revisited: the spectrum of atypical cutaneous manifestations of secondary syphilis","volume":"53","author":"Balagula","year":"2014","journal-title":"Int J Dermatol"},{"key":"2024032512551669300_ref2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"24","DOI":"10.1007\/s40471-018-0138-z","article-title":"An update on the global epidemiology of syphilis","volume":"5","author":"Kojima","year":"2018","journal-title":"Curr Epidemiol Rep"},{"key":"2024032512551669300_ref3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"553","DOI":"10.1097\/01.olq.0000253385.49373.1a","article-title":"Manifestations and treatment of ocular syphilis during an epidemic in France","volume":"34","author":"Parc","year":"2007","journal-title":"Sex Transm Dis"},{"key":"2024032512551669300_ref4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1505","DOI":"10.1086\/644618","article-title":"Factors determining serologic response to treatment in patients with syphilis","volume":"49","author":"Gonz\u00e1lez-L\u00f3pez","year":"2009","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"key":"2024032512551669300_ref5","first-page":"433","article-title":"Syphilis: a reemerging infection","volume":"86","author":"Mattei","year":"2012","journal-title":"Am Fam Physician"},{"key":"2024032512551669300_ref6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"29","DOI":"10.1128\/CMR.19.1.29-49.2006","article-title":"Biological basis for syphilis","volume":"19","author":"Lafond","year":"2006","journal-title":"Clin Microbiol Rev"},{"key":"2024032512551669300_ref7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"205","DOI":"10.1128\/CMR.18.1.205-216.2005","article-title":"Secondary syphilitic lesions","volume":"18","author":"Baughn","year":"2005","journal-title":"Clin Microbiol Rev"},{"key":"2024032512551669300_ref8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"161","DOI":"10.1097\/00007435-198010000-00002","article-title":"The signs and symptoms of secondary syphilis","volume":"7","author":"Chapel","year":"1980","journal-title":"Sex Transm Dis"},{"key":"2024032512551669300_ref9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"365","DOI":"10.1007\/s10072-010-0222-8","article-title":"A case of secondary syphilis presenting as optic neuritis","volume":"31","author":"Bandettini di Poggio","year":"2010","journal-title":"Neurol Sci"},{"key":"2024032512551669300_ref10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1623","DOI":"10.1007\/s00417-010-1481-z","article-title":"Ocular manifestations of syphilis: recent cases over a 2.5-year period","volume":"248","author":"Puech","year":"2010","journal-title":"Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol"},{"key":"2024032512551669300_ref11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"288","DOI":"10.1684\/ejd.2009.0660","article-title":"Secondary syphilis with progressive ocular involvement in an immunocompetent patient","volume":"19","author":"Foti","year":"2009","journal-title":"Eur J Dermatol"},{"key":"2024032512551669300_ref12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"103","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9394(14)70999-7","article-title":"Incidence of nonarteritic anterior ischemic optic neuropathy","volume":"123","author":"Hattenhauer","year":"1997","journal-title":"Am J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"2024032512551669300_ref13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e1","DOI":"10.1097\/WNO.0b013e31821f955c","article-title":"Current concepts in the diagnosis, pathogenesis, and management of nonarteritic anterior ischemic optic neuropathy","volume":"31","author":"Miller","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Neuroophthalmol"},{"key":"2024032512551669300_ref14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"76","DOI":"10.1159\/000027399","article-title":"Role of nocturnal arterial hypotension in optic nerve head ischemic disorders","volume":"213","author":"Hayreh","year":"1999","journal-title":"Ophthalmologica"},{"key":"2024032512551669300_ref15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"306","DOI":"10.1016\/S0161-6420(93)31650-7","article-title":"Progressive and static nonarteritic ischemic optic neuropathy treated by optic nerve sheath decompression","volume":"100","author":"Spoor","year":"1993","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"}],"container-title":["Oxford Medical Case 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