{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,29]],"date-time":"2025-12-29T11:46:43Z","timestamp":1767008803052,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":9,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,29]],"date-time":"2025-10-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1761696000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":28,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,21]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Urethral prolapse is a rare and often underdiagnosed condition characterized by circumferential eversion of the distal urethra through the external urethral meatus, forming a doughnut-shaped protrusion. We present the case of a 34-month-old girl who was brought to the pediatric emergency unit by her parents following the discovery of bloodstains on her underwear. Clinical examination revealed a reddish, fleshy, doughnut-shaped mass measuring approximately 2.0\u2009\u00d7\u20091.5\u00a0cm surrounding the urethral meatus, located above the vaginal introitus and beneath the clitoral hood. She was managed conservatively with oral cefixime suspension (4\u00a0mg\/kg\/day), ibuprofen, sitz baths, and topical estrogen cream. By the fourth day, the bleeding had completely resolved. The prolapsed mass was significantly reduced in size after two weeks and resolved entirely by the sixth week, without residual symptoms. This case highlights the importance of considering urethral prolapse as a differential diagnosis in cases with vaginal bleeding in prepubertal girls.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/omcr\/omaf216","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,16]],"date-time":"2025-09-16T11:38:05Z","timestamp":1758022685000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["A case report on urethral prolapse"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"2025","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0002-7702-1865","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kehinde","family":"Awodele","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Osun State University , P.M.B. 4494, Oke Baale Road. Osogbo, Osun, 230284 ,","place":["Nigeria"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sunday Charles","family":"Adeyemo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Health, society and Well-being, University of Wolverhampton , Wulfruna Street, Wolverhampton, West Midlands, WV1 1LY ,","place":["United Kingdom"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Godwin Iyanuoluwa","family":"Oyewumi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Osun State University , P.M.B. 4494, Oke Baale Road. Osogbo, Osun, 230284 ,","place":["Nigeria"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Olufemi Ebenezer","family":"Abidoye","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, East Kent Hospitals University NHS Foundation Trust, Kent And Canterbury Hospital, Ethelbert Road, Canterbury , Kent CT1 3NG ,","place":["United Kingdom"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Johnson O","family":"Komolafe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Osun State University , P.M.B. 4494, Oke Baale Road. Osogbo, Osun, 230284 ,","place":["Nigeria"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Adeniyi Olanipekun","family":"Fasanu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Osun State University , P.M.B. 4494, Oke Baale Road. Osogbo, Osun, 230284 ,","place":["Nigeria"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Samuel Oluwabunmi","family":"Omopariola","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Obafemi Awolowo Teaching Hospital Complex , P.M.B. 5538, Ilesa Road, Ile-Ife, Osun State ,","place":["Nigeria"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ayodeji Olaolu","family":"Oyeniran","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Osun State University , P.M.B. 4494, Oke Baale Road. Osogbo, Osun, 230284 ,","place":["Nigeria"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Johnson Adekeye","family":"Olaore","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Osun State University , P.M.B. 4494, Oke Baale Road. Osogbo, Osun, 230284 ,","place":["Nigeria"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Olufemi Olamakinwa","family":"Ala","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Osun State University , P.M.B. 4494, Oke Baale Road. Osogbo, Osun, 230284 ,","place":["Nigeria"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Eniola Dorcas","family":"Olabode","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Community Health, Obafemi Awolowo University , Ile-Ife, P.M.B. 13. Ile-Ife Osun 220282 ,","place":["Nigeria"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ayodele Raphael","family":"Ajayi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry medicine, Afe Babalola University Teaching Hospital , Olusegun Obasanjo Way, Ado Ekiti 360102, Ekiti ,","place":["Nigeria"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025102907364999400_ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"623","DOI":"10.1007\/s00414-021-02621-z","article-title":"Rare (uro-)genital pathologies in young girls mimicking sexual abuse","volume":"136","author":"Schaul","year":"2022","journal-title":"Int J Legal Med"},{"key":"2025102907364999400_ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"313","DOI":"10.1007\/s12262-020-02278-9","article-title":"A rare cause of vaginal bleeding: urethral prolapse","volume":"83","author":"U\u011fur","year":"2021","journal-title":"Indian J Surg"},{"key":"2025102907364999400_ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"158","DOI":"10.1007\/s13224-019-01288-2","article-title":"Urethral prolapse: a case series and literature review","volume":"70","author":"Fornari","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Obstet Gynecol India"},{"key":"2025102907364999400_ref4","first-page":"8","article-title":"A 5-year review of urethral mucosa prolapse and Management at the Federal Medical Centre, Yenagoa, south-South Nigeria","volume":"5","author":"Oriji","year":"2022","journal-title":"Asian J Res Nephrol"},{"key":"2025102907364999400_ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"102616","DOI":"10.1016\/j.epsc.2023.102616","article-title":"Usefulness of uroflowmetry for the management of urethral prolapse in a prepubertal girl","volume":"92","author":"Matsumoto","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Pediatr Surg Case Rep"},{"key":"2025102907364999400_ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"112","DOI":"10.9734\/arjgo\/2025\/v8i1260","article-title":"Atypical presentation of urethral mucosal prolapse in a Prepubertal girl: a case report and literature review","volume":"8","author":"Kwosah","year":"2025","journal-title":"ARJGO."},{"key":"2025102907364999400_ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"284","DOI":"10.11604\/pamj.2021.39.284.30954","article-title":"Diagnosis and management of a urethral prolapse in a 6-year-old girl: a case report","volume":"39","author":"Ma Mayala","year":"2021","journal-title":"Pan Afr Med J"},{"key":"2025102907364999400_ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"153","DOI":"10.1186\/s12301-021-00256-5","article-title":"Conservative approach for the treatment of urethral prolapse in children: case report and literature review of 278 pediatric cases","volume":"27","author":"Kacimi","year":"2021","journal-title":"Afr J Urol"},{"key":"2025102907364999400_ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"26","DOI":"10.1186\/s12301-022-00293-8","article-title":"Conservative management of urethral prolapse in African girls: a report of 15 cases","volume":"28","author":"Seck","year":"2022","journal-title":"Afr J Urol"}],"container-title":["Oxford Medical Case Reports"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/omcr\/article-pdf\/2025\/10\/omaf216\/65023056\/omaf216.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/omcr\/article-pdf\/2025\/10\/omaf216\/65023056\/omaf216.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,29]],"date-time":"2025-10-29T11:38:08Z","timestamp":1761737888000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/omcr\/article\/doi\/10.1093\/omcr\/omaf216\/8305655"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,10]]},"references-count":9,"journal-issue":{"issue":"10","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,21]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/omcr\/omaf216","relation":{},"ISSN":["2053-8855"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2053-8855","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published-other":{"date-parts":[[2025,10]]},"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,10]]},"article-number":"omaf216"}}