{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,27]],"date-time":"2026-06-27T11:46:22Z","timestamp":1782560782236,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":11,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,15]],"date-time":"2026-06-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1781481600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":14,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>The use of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) in patients with autoimmune diseases (AIDs) is challenging due to the risk of immune-related adverse events and disease flares. These patients are routinely excluded from clinical trials, leaving limited evidence to guide practice. We report a 70-year-old woman with metastatic non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and active rheumatoid arthritis (RA) receiving infliximab and methotrexate. Initial treatment with platinum-based chemotherapy excluded ICIs. After disease progression, pembrolizumab was introduced with chemotherapy following multidisciplinary discussion. The patient achieved a complete radiological response without RA flare, completed two years of pembrolizumab in March 2022, and remains in remission as of August 2025. This case highlights that ICIs can be used safely in selected patients with active AID, preserving functional status and quality of life. Prospective studies in this population are needed to refine risk\u2013benefit assessment and optimise patient selection.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/omcr\/omag100","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,24]],"date-time":"2026-05-24T11:34:06Z","timestamp":1779622446000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Long-term complete radiological response to immunotherapy in a patient with metastatic NSCLC and active rheumatoid arthritis"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"2026","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0009-3032-2848","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Eleanor","family":"Roy","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"The University of Nicosia Medical School , Nicosia 2417 ,","place":["Cyprus"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0007-8087-569X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Amir Arshia Emam","family":"Jomeh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The University of Nicosia Medical School , Nicosia 2417 ,","place":["Cyprus"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eleni","family":"Xenophontos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The University of Nicosia Medical School , Nicosia 2417 ,","place":["Cyprus"]},{"name":"Bank of Cyprus Oncology Center , Nicosia 1680 ,","place":["Cyprus"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6518-1936","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Haris","family":"Charalambous","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Bank of Cyprus Oncology Center , Nicosia 1680 ,","place":["Cyprus"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026062707165336200_ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"173","DOI":"10.7888\/juoeh.40.173","article-title":"Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) in non-small cell lung cancer 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that doesn't seem to go away: cancer risk of anti-TNF therapy","volume":"67","author":"Ledder","year":"2022","journal-title":"Dig Dis Sci"},{"key":"2026062707165336200_ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2078","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1801005","article-title":"Pembrolizumab plus chemotherapy in metastatic non-small-cell lung cancer","volume":"378","author":"Gandhi","year":"2018","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"2026062707165336200_ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1712632","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2025.1712632","article-title":"Safety and effectiveness of immune checkpoint inhibitors in patients with preexisting autoimmune diseases: a systematic review","volume":"16","author":"Dias","year":"2025","journal-title":"Front Immunol"},{"key":"2026062707165336200_ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1819","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(18)32409-7","article-title":"Pembrolizumab versus chemotherapy for previously untreated, PD-L1-expressing, locally 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