{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,27]],"date-time":"2026-07-27T14:58:49Z","timestamp":1785164329276,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":5,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,27]],"date-time":"2026-07-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1785110400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":26,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Autoimmune myelofibrosis (AIMF) is a rare, potentially reversible cause of bone marrow failure often linked to systemic autoimmune disease. We report a diagnostically challenging case of a 26-year-old woman from sub-Saharan Africa who presented with transfusion-dependent pancytopenia and an initial dry-tap marrow, with further testing limited by financial constraints. Seven months later, evolving clinical and immunologic features\u2014including fever, leukopenia, thrombocytopenia, malar rash, positive ANA, and a sterile exudative pleural effusion\u2014fulfilled the 2019 EULAR\/ACR criteria for systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). AIMF secondary to SLE was subsequently diagnosed, and she demonstrated a rapid hematologic response to glucocorticoids and hydroxychloroquine, remaining transfusion-independent for over five months. This case underscores the diagnostic complexity of AIMF in resource-limited settings and highlights the importance of sustained clinical suspicion and adaptable diagnostic strategies when evaluating unexplained pancytopenia.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/omcr\/omag139","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,7]],"date-time":"2026-07-07T11:39:38Z","timestamp":1783424378000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Autoimmune myelofibrosis secondary to systemic lupus erythematosus: a diagnostic challenge in a resource-limited setting"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"2026","author":[{"given":"Abbas","family":"Godian","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences , 9 United Nations Road, Upanga West, Ilala District, P. O. Box 65001, 11103, Dar es Salaam ,","place":["Tanzania"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0006-8836-3624","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Noorein","family":"Omar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences , 9 United Nations Road, Upanga West, Ilala District, P. O. Box 65001, 11103, Dar es Salaam ,","place":["Tanzania"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zainab","family":"Malingumu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences , 9 United Nations Road, Upanga West, Ilala District, P. O. Box 65001, 11103, Dar es Salaam ,","place":["Tanzania"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2894-1684","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Basil","family":"Tumaini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences , 9 United Nations Road, Upanga West, Ilala District, P. O. Box 65001, 11103, Dar es Salaam ,","place":["Tanzania"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elizabeth","family":"Msangi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences , 9 United Nations Road, Upanga West, Ilala District, P. O. Box 65001, 11103, Dar es Salaam ,","place":["Tanzania"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026072710001365500_ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"706","DOI":"10.1111\/ejh.14064","article-title":"An overlooked mimic? Autoimmune myelofibrosis\u2014a scoping review of the literature","volume":"111","author":"Amel Riazat-Kesh","year":"2023","journal-title":"Eur J Haematol"},{"key":"2026072710001365500_ref2","first-page":"619","article-title":"Distinguishing autoimmune myelofibrosis from primary myelofibrosis","volume":"16","author":"Marcellino","year":"2018","journal-title":"Clin Adv Hematol Oncol"},{"key":"2026072710001365500_ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"871","DOI":"10.3324\/haematol.2020.249896","article-title":"Clinical spectrum and therapeutic management of auto-immune myelofibrosis: a nation-wide study of 30 cases","volume":"106","author":"Mertz","year":"2020","journal-title":"Haematologica."},{"key":"2026072710001365500_ref4","article-title":"Autoimmune myelofibrosis and lupus","volume":"25","author":"Dahhan","year":"2021","journal-title":"Proceedings of UCLA Health"},{"key":"2026072710001365500_ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"956","DOI":"10.1111\/bjh.19499","article-title":"Autoimmune myelofibrosis: a Mayo Clinic series of 22 patients","volume":"205","author":"Gangat","year":"2024","journal-title":"Br J Haematol"}],"container-title":["Oxford Medical Case Reports"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/omcr\/article-pdf\/2026\/7\/omag139\/70166247\/omag139.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/omcr\/article-pdf\/2026\/7\/omag139\/70166247\/omag139.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,27]],"date-time":"2026-07-27T14:00:17Z","timestamp":1785160817000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/omcr\/article\/doi\/10.1093\/omcr\/omag139\/8742394"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,7]]},"references-count":5,"journal-issue":{"issue":"7","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,8]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/omcr\/omag139","relation":{},"ISSN":["2053-8855"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2053-8855","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published-other":{"date-parts":[[2026,7]]},"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,7]]},"article-number":"omag139"}}