{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,27]],"date-time":"2026-01-27T23:50:02Z","timestamp":1769557802741,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":10,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,12,10]],"date-time":"2019-12-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1575936000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":39,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,11,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>The multifactorial mechanisms of immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) in patients with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and tuberculosis (TB) could be caused by HIV, TB or anti-TB drugs. No patients with HIV and opportunistic infection of miliary pulmonary TB who developed thrombocytopenia after treatment with anti-TB drugs have been reported. A 47-year-old woman with HIV\/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome and miliary TB with normal platelet count (229\u2009000\/\u03bcL) started anti-TB drugs (rifampicin, isoniazid, pyrazinamide and ethambutol). After 10\u00a0days of treatment, her platelet count was low (17\u2009000\/\u03bcL). As rifampicin and isoniazid were stopped and intravenous methylprednisolone was given, her platelet count began to increase. After more than a month, her platelet count was normal (192\u2009000\/\u03bcL) and she started antiretrovirals. This improved platelet count after high-dose methylprednisolone is suggestive of ITP; however, the dilemma is whether it was rifampicin alone that caused ITP or did HIV and disseminated TB infection also play a role?<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/omcr\/omz119","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,12,10]],"date-time":"2019-12-10T12:37:25Z","timestamp":1575981445000},"page":"486-489","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["The dilemma in a case of immune thrombocytopenia in a patient with human immunodeficiency virus on antituberculosis treatment for miliary pulmonary tuberculosis"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"2019","author":[{"given":"Nata Pratama Hardjo","family":"Lugito","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Internal Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine, Pelita Harapan University, Boulevard Jendral Sudirman, Lippo Karawaci, Tangerang, Banten 15811, Indonesia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jane Olivia","family":"Lorens","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine, Pelita Harapan University, Boulevard Jendral Sudirman, Lippo Karawaci, Tangerange, Banten 15811, Indonesia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jessica","family":"Kwenandar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine, Pelita Harapan University, Boulevard Jendral Sudirman, Lippo Karawaci, Tangerange, Banten 15811, Indonesia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Andree","family":"Kurniawan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Internal Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine, Pelita Harapan University, Boulevard Jendral Sudirman, Lippo Karawaci, Tangerang, Banten 15811, Indonesia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,12,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"2019121007372029900_ref1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"187","DOI":"10.4103\/2277-5706.241516","article-title":"HIV associated thrombocytopenia","volume":"1","author":"Chandra","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Clin Sci Res"},{"key":"2019121007372029900_ref2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"175","DOI":"10.4103\/0974-777X.100580","article-title":"Immune thrombocytopenic purpura associated with pulmonary tuberculosis","volume":"4","author":"Bairagya","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Global Infect Dis"},{"key":"2019121007372029900_ref3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2829","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2017-03-754119","article-title":"Clinical updates in adult immune thrombocytopenia","volume":"129","author":"Lambert","year":"2017","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"2019121007372029900_ref4","first-page":"9","article-title":"Thrombocytopenia in HIV\/AIDS","volume":"14","author":"Babina","year":"2015","journal-title":"IOSR J Dent Med Sci"},{"key":"2019121007372029900_ref5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"859","DOI":"10.4103\/jfmpc.jfmpc_250_17","article-title":"Thrombocytopenia in HIV patients coinfected with tuberculosis","volume":"6","author":"Sandhya","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Family Med Prim Care"},{"key":"2019121007372029900_ref6","first-page":"100812","article-title":"Disseminated tuberculosis with severe immune thrombocytopenia","volume":"27","author":"Krishna","year":"2019","journal-title":"Respir Med Case Rep"},{"key":"2019121007372029900_ref7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"466","DOI":"10.5588\/ijtld.16.0515","article-title":"Immune thrombocytopenia secondary to tuberculosis: a case and review of literature","volume":"21","author":"Weber","year":"2017","journal-title":"Int. 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