{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,3]],"date-time":"2026-06-03T17:29:11Z","timestamp":1780507751337,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":16,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,5]],"date-time":"2022-03-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1646438400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Peptide receptor radionuclide therapy (PRRT) with radiolabeled somatostatin receptor (SSR) analogs is now an established systemic treatment for neuroendocrine tumors (NET). However, more short- and long-term data about renal and hepatotoxicity is needed. Here we present our experience in this clinical scenario.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Eighty-six patients with progressive SSR-expressing malignancies underwent PRRT with Lu-177 Dotatate and were followed up for up to 2 years. Laboratory tests were done 1 week before each cycle and every 2 months at follow-up. Hepatic and renal toxicity was determined based on NCI CTCAE V5.0.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>55\/86 (64%) patients completed all 4 cycles of PRRT; 18\/86 (20.9%) are currently being treated; 13\/86 (15.1%) had to discontinue PRRT: 4\/13 (31%) due to hematologic toxicity, 9\/13 (69%) due to non-PRRT-related comorbidities. Out of the patients who finished treatment, only transient grade 2 toxicities were observed during PRRT: hypoalbuminemia in 5.5% (3\/55), and renal toxicity (serum creatinine and estimated glomerular filtration rate) in 1.8% (1\/55). No grade 3 or 4 liver and renal toxicity occurred. Patients presenting with impaired liver or renal function prior to PRRT, either improved or had stable findings. No deterioration was observed.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Peptide receptor radionuclide therapy does not have a negative impact on liver and renal function, even in patients with pre-existing impaired parameters. No grade 3 or 4 hepatic or renal toxicity was identified. Only transient grade 2 hypoalbuminemia in 5.5% and nephrotoxicity in 1.8% of patients were seen during PRRT.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/oncolo\/oyab072","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,11]],"date-time":"2022-01-11T12:14:46Z","timestamp":1641903286000},"page":"447-452","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["Evaluation of Liver and Renal Toxicity in Peptide Receptor Radionuclide Therapy for Somatostatin Receptor Expressing Tumors: A 2-Year Follow-Up"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"27","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2834-5524","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Heying","family":"Duan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology, Division of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Stanford University , Stanford, CA , USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Valentina","family":"Ferri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology, Division of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Stanford University , Stanford, CA , USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"George Albert","family":"Fisher","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, Division of Oncology, Stanford University , Stanford, CA , USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shagufta","family":"Shaheen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, Division of Oncology, Stanford University , Stanford, CA , USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Guido Alejandro","family":"Davidzon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology, Division of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Stanford University , Stanford, CA , USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andrei","family":"Iagaru","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology, Division of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Stanford University , Stanford, CA , USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Carina","family":"Mari Aparici","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology, Division of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Stanford University , Stanford, CA , USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,5]]},"reference":[{"issue":"11","key":"2022060819213741200_CIT0001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"858","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199903183401107","article-title":"Carcinoid tumors.","volume":"340","author":"Kulke","year":"1999","journal-title":"N Engl J Med."},{"issue":"1","key":"2022060819213741200_CIT0002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"26","DOI":"10.1159\/000443612","article-title":"Placebo-controlled, double-blind, prospective, randomized study on the effect of octreotide lar in the control of tumor growth in patients with metastatic neuroendocrine midgut tumors (PROMID): results of long-term survival.","volume":"104","author":"Rinke","year":"2017","journal-title":"Neuroendocrinology."},{"issue":"3","key":"2022060819213741200_CIT0003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"191","DOI":"10.1530\/ERC-15-0490","article-title":"Anti-tumour effects of lanreotide for pancreatic and intestinal neuroendocrine tumours: the CLARINET open-label extension study.","volume":"23","author":"Caplin","year":"2016","journal-title":"Endocr Relat Cancer."},{"key":"2022060819213741200_CIT0004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"51","DOI":"10.1159\/000080742","article-title":"Somatostatin and other peptide receptors as tools for tumor diagnosis and treatment.","volume":"80","author":"Reubi","year":"2004","journal-title":"Neuroendocrinology."},{"issue":"1","key":"2022060819213741200_CIT0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"R53","DOI":"10.1677\/ERC-09-0078","article-title":"Somatostatin-receptor-based imaging and therapy of gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine tumors.","volume":"17","author":"Kwekkeboom","year":"2010","journal-title":"Endocr Relat Cancer."},{"issue":"22","key":"2022060819213741200_CIT0006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6088","DOI":"10.7150\/thno.30357","article-title":"The theranostic promise for neuroendocrine tumors in the late 2010s - 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