{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,1]],"date-time":"2025-10-01T16:32:23Z","timestamp":1759336343462,"version":"3.37.3"},"reference-count":9,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"4","funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000069","name":"National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000069","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000054","name":"National Cancer Institute","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000054","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p>Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have revolutionized the treatment of advanced cancers. However, activation of the immune system can occasionally cause life-threatening toxicity involving critical organs. Induction of immune-mediated toxicity is a significant concern for patients with thymic epithelial tumors (TETs) due to defects in immune tolerance. An increased risk of skeletal and cardiac muscle inflammation following treatment with ICIs is well recognized in patients with advanced TETs. However, uncommon musculoskeletal and rheumatic complications can also occur. The cases presented in this report highlight the spectrum of presentation of immune-mediated, joint-predominant musculoskeletal adverse events in patients with advanced TETs treated with ICIs, including polymyalgia rheumatica-like illness and inflammatory arthritis.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/oncolo\/oyac026","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,7]],"date-time":"2022-02-07T20:11:22Z","timestamp":1644264682000},"page":"e353-e356","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Joint-Predominant Rheumatic Complications of Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor Therapy in Patients with Thymic Epithelial Tumors"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"27","author":[{"given":"Cristina","family":"Mullenix","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Thoracic and Gastrointestinal Malignancies Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Madison","family":"Ballman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Thoracic and Gastrointestinal Malignancies Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Haobin","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Thoracic Surgery Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shannon","family":"Swift","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Thoracic and Gastrointestinal Malignancies Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Meredith J","family":"McAdams","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Thoracic and Gastrointestinal Malignancies Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7556-1633","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yo-Ting","family":"Tsai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Tumor Immunology and Biology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Renee N","family":"Donahue","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Tumor Immunology and Biology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Trina","family":"Poretta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Comprehensive Cancer and Hematology Specialists, Voorhees, NJ, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sarthak","family":"Gupta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Lupus Clinical Trials Unit, National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Patrick J","family":"Loehrer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Indiana University Melvin and Bren Simon Comprehensive Cancer Center, Indianapolis, IN, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7932-4072","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jeffrey","family":"Schlom","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Tumor Immunology and Biology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6569-2912","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"James L","family":"Gulley","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Tumor Immunology and Biology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA"},{"name":"Genitourinary Malignancies Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2776-3385","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Arun","family":"Rajan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Thoracic and Gastrointestinal Malignancies Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"2022040513522836600_CIT0001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"223","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-pathol-042020-042741","article-title":"Immune checkpoint inhibitors for the treatment of cancer: clinical impact and mechanisms of response and resistance","volume":"16","author":"Bagchi","year":"2021","journal-title":"Annu Rev Pathol."},{"key":"2022040513522836600_CIT0002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3389","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms21093389","article-title":"Rheumatic manifestations in patients treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors","volume":"21","author":"Melissaropoulos","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int J Mol Sci ."},{"key":"2022040513522836600_CIT0003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"23","DOI":"10.21037\/med-20-62","article-title":"The role of immunotherapy for management of advanced thymic epithelial tumors: a narrative review","volume":"5","author":"Rajan","year":"2021","journal-title":"Mediastinum"},{"key":"2022040513522836600_CIT0004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"484","DOI":"10.1136\/annrheumdis-2011-200329","article-title":"2012 Provisional classification criteria for Polymyalgia rheumatica: a European League Against Rheumatism\/American College of Rheumatology Collaborative Initiative","volume":"71","author":"Dasgupta","year":"2012","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis."},{"key":"2022040513522836600_CIT0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e000906","DOI":"10.1136\/rmdopen-2019-000906","article-title":"Polymyalgia rheumatica-like syndrome from checkpoint inhibitor therapy: case series and systematic review of the literature.","volume":"5","author":"Calabrese","year":"2019","journal-title":"RMD Open"},{"key":"2022040513522836600_CIT0006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"927","DOI":"10.3390\/cells8080927","article-title":"Targeting the CD40-CD154 signaling pathway for treatment of autoimmune arthritis.","volume":"8","author":"Lai","year":"2019","journal-title":"Cells"},{"key":"2022040513522836600_CIT0007","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"190","DOI":"10.1136\/ard.59.3.190","article-title":"Increased Expression of CD40 Ligand (CD154) on CD4+ T Cells as a Marker of Disease Activity in Rheumatoid Arthritis","volume":"59","author":"Berner","year":"2000","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis."},{"key":"2022040513522836600_CIT0008","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"165","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaut.2006.02.002","article-title":"Elevated Levels of Soluble CD40 Ligand (sCD40L) in Serum of Patients With Systemic Autoimmune Diseases","volume":"26","author":"Goules","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Autoimmun."},{"key":"2022040513522836600_CIT0009","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"207","DOI":"10.1097\/BOR.0000000000000470","article-title":"What are the dominant cytokines in early rheumatoid arthritis?","volume":"30","author":"Ridgley","year":"2018","journal-title":"Curr Opin Rheumatol."}],"container-title":["The Oncologist"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/oncolo\/article-pdf\/27\/4\/e353\/43287380\/oyac026.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/oncolo\/article-pdf\/27\/4\/e353\/43287380\/oyac026.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,5]],"date-time":"2022-04-05T13:53:54Z","timestamp":1649166834000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/oncolo\/article\/27\/4\/e353\/6542922"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,5]]},"references-count":9,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,5]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,5]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/oncolo\/oyac026","relation":{},"ISSN":["1083-7159","1549-490X"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"1083-7159"},{"type":"electronic","value":"1549-490X"}],"subject":[],"published-other":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,1]]},"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,5]]}}}