{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,13]],"date-time":"2026-09-13T07:27:34Z","timestamp":1789284454654,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,10]],"date-time":"2022-10-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1665360000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003625","name":"Ministry of Health and Welfare","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["MOHW110-TDU-B-211-144017)"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["MOHW110-TDU-B-211-144017)"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003625","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Pseudocirrhosis is an imaging finding of malignancies with liver metastasis with or without clinical liver cirrhosis-related portal hypertension (pHTN). This study defined evident pHTN by the presence of esophageal or gastric varices and compared patients\u2019 outcomes of metastatic breast cancer with imaging-diagnosed pseudocirrhosis with or without varices.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The medical records from patients with metastatic breast cancer and pseudocirrhosis between 2005 and 2017 were retrospectively analyzed. Survival outcomes were compared based on endoscopic evidence of esophageal or gastric varices.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Among 106 patients with pseudocirrhosis, 33 (31%) had de novo stage IV disease, and 66 (62%) had hormone receptor (HR)-positive and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)-negative breast cancer. Eighty-one (76%) had initial metastases in both hepatic lobes, and 32 (30%) had esophageal or gastric varices. The median overall survival (OS) was 5 and 13 months in patients with and without varices (P = .002). The median OS in patients with HER2-positive, HR-positive\/HER2-negative, and triple-negative subtype was 16, 9, and 2 months, respectively (P = .001). Patients with varices usually had cirrhotic complications, including gastrointestinal bleeding, hyperbilirubinemia, hyperammonemia, and coagulopathy. Despite their challenging clinical conditions, 7 patients with varices had OS exceeding 1 year. In multivariate analysis, evident varices (P = .007) and triple-negative subtype (P = .013) were associated with poor OS.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Patients with pseudocirrhosis and evident varices had a significantly shorter median OS, and were usually associated with clinical cirrhosis-related complications. To maximize OS, early identification and meticulous supportive care are warranted.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/oncolo\/oyac199","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,12]],"date-time":"2022-09-12T16:44:34Z","timestamp":1663001074000},"page":"1008-1015","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Clinical Outcomes of Metastatic Breast Cancer in Patients Having Imaging Liver Pseudocirrhosis with or without Evident Varices"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"27","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6840-2976","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Wei-Li","family":"Ma","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oncology, National Taiwan University Hospital , Taipei , Taiwan"},{"name":"Graduate Institute of Oncology, National Taiwan University College of Medicine , Taipei , Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dwan-Ying","family":"Chang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oncology, National Taiwan University Hospital , Taipei , Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2403-4056","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ching-Hung","family":"Lin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oncology, National Taiwan University Hospital , Taipei , Taiwan"},{"name":"Department of Medical Oncology, National Taiwan University Cancer Center Hospital , Taipei , Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kao-Lang","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Imaging, National Taiwan University Hospital , Taipei , Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Po-Chin","family":"Liang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Imaging, National Taiwan University Hospital , Taipei , Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Huang-Chun","family":"Lien","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology, National Taiwan University Hospital , Taipei , Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chan-Chuan","family":"Hu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Research and Education, National Taiwan University Cancer Center , Taipei , Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ling-Yun","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Trial Center, National Taiwan University Hospital , Taipei , Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yi-Chun","family":"Yeh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Research, National Taiwan University Hospital , Taipei , Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7461-1291","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yen-Shen","family":"Lu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oncology, National Taiwan University Hospital , Taipei , Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"2023060812010337500_CIT0001","first-page":"311","article-title":"Breast cancer metastasis","volume":"9","author":"Scully","year":"2012","journal-title":"Cancer Genom Proteom"},{"key":"2023060812010337500_CIT0002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"125","DOI":"10.1007\/s10585-015-9697-2","article-title":"Pattern of metastasis 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