{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,17]],"date-time":"2026-08-17T23:30:51Z","timestamp":1787009451804,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,25]],"date-time":"2022-11-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1669334400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100005189","name":"Leukemia and Lymphoma Society","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100005189","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Data examining associations among social support, survival, and healthcare utilization are lacking in patients with advanced cancer.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We conducted a cross-sectional secondary analysis using data from a prospective longitudinal cohort study of 966 hospitalized patients with advanced cancer at Massachusetts General Hospital from 2014 through 2017. We used NLP to identify extent of patients\u2019 social support (limited versus adequate as defined by NLP-aided review of the Electronic Health Record (EHR)). Two independent coders achieved a Kappa of 0.90 (95% CI: 0.84-1.00) using NLP. Using multivariable regression models, we examined associations of social support with: 1) OS; 2) death or readmission within 90 days of hospital discharge; 3) time to readmission within 90 days; and 4) hospital length of stay (LOS).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Patients\u2019 median age was 65 (range: 21-92) years, and a plurality had gastrointestinal (GI) cancer (34.3%) followed by lung cancer (19.5%). 6.2% (60\/966) of patients had limited social support. In multivariable analyses, limited social support was not significantly associated with OS (HR = 1.13, P = 0.390), death or readmission (OR = 1.18, P = 0.578), time to readmission (HR = 0.92, P = 0.698), or LOS (\u03b2 = \u22120.22, P = 0.726). We identified a potential interaction suggesting cancer type (GI cancer versus other) may be an effect modifier of the relationship between social support and OS (interaction term P = 0.053). In separate unadjusted analyses, limited social support was associated with lower OS (HR = 2.10, P = 0.008) in patients with GI cancer but not other cancer types (HR = 1.00, P = 0.991).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We used NLP to assess the extent of social support in patients with advanced cancer. We did not identify significant associations of social support with OS or healthcare utilization but found cancer type may be an effect modifier of the relationship between social support and OS. These findings underscore the potential utility of NLP for evaluating social support in patients with advanced cancer.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/oncolo\/oyac238","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,8]],"date-time":"2022-11-08T17:15:18Z","timestamp":1667927718000},"page":"165-171","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["The Use of Natural Language Processing to Assess Social Support in Patients With Advanced Cancer"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"28","author":[{"given":"Sunil","family":"Bhatt","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology & Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston , MA , USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3943-6608","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"P Connor","family":"Johnson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology & Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston , MA , USA"},{"name":"Harvard Medical School , Boston, MA , USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Netana H","family":"Markovitz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology & Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston , MA , USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8075-9735","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tamryn","family":"Gray","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Harvard Medical School , Boston, MA , USA"},{"name":"Department of Psychosocial Oncology and Palliative Care, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute , Boston, MA , USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ryan D","family":"Nipp","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology & Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston , MA , USA"},{"name":"Harvard Medical School , Boston, MA , USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nneka","family":"Ufere","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Harvard Medical School , Boston, MA , USA"},{"name":"Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Brigham and Women\u2019s Hospital , Boston, MA , USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Julia","family":"Rice","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital , Boston, MA , USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Matthew J","family":"Reynolds","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital , Boston, MA , USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mitchell W","family":"Lavoie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital , Boston, MA , USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Madison A","family":"Clay","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital , Boston, MA , USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Charlotta","family":"Lindvall","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Harvard Medical School , Boston, MA , USA"},{"name":"Department of Psychosocial Oncology and Palliative Care, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute , Boston, MA , USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3556-1495","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Areej","family":"El-Jawahri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology & Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston , MA , USA"},{"name":"Harvard Medical School , Boston, MA , USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,25]]},"reference":[{"issue":"10 Suppl","key":"2023020813425037600_CIT0001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2339","DOI":"10.1002\/cncr.1984.53.s10.2339","article-title":"Social support and the cancer patient. 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