{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,26]],"date-time":"2026-10-26T03:39:14Z","timestamp":1792985954833,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":10,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,18]],"date-time":"2025-02-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1739836800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":17,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Traveling to healthcare facilities, particularly in the case of patients requiring frequent visits and repeated treatments, such as cancer patients, is associated with substantial carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions. Moreover, travel burdens can delay diagnosis and negatively influence prognosis.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Materials and Methods<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>In 2004, a programme called territorial oncology care (TOC) was initiated in the province of Piacenza (northern Italy) to relieve travel burdens by providing treatment closer to patients\u2019 residences. Patient management is performed by oncologists traveling from the city hospital\u2019s oncologic ward to rural centers. Patients are managed at 3 rural hospitals and a health center called Casa della Salute.\u00a0In this study, we retrospectively analyzed all files containing the schedules of patients enrolled in the TOC programme from 2 January 2017 to 31 December 2022. We calculated the driving distance (in kilometers) to the outpatient facility closest to each patient\u2019s residence and the CO2 emissions saved compared with the distance to the city hospital.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>A total of 2132 cancer patients on active treatment were enrolled in the TOC programme during the study period. The total travel saved by treating patients closer to their residences over this 6-year period amounted to 1\u2005975\u2005105 km, representing carbon emission savings of 241.56 tonnes.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Our findings show a significant reduction (241.56 tonnes) of CO2 emissions for the entire cohort of patients over a period of 6 years.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>Cancer patients\u2019 travel burdens and associated carbon emissions can be substantially reduced by programmes such as TOC.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/oncolo\/oyaf021","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,17]],"date-time":"2025-01-17T20:15:16Z","timestamp":1737144916000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Travel burden and carbon dioxide emission reductions through a model of cancer care closer to the patient"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"30","author":[{"given":"Luigi","family":"Cavanna","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Casa di Cura Piacenza , 29121 Piacenza ,","place":["Italy"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2119-775X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Chiara","family":"Citterio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Oncology-Haematology Department, AUSL Piacenza , 29121 Piacenza ,","place":["Italy"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Costanza","family":"Bosi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Oncology-Haematology Department, AUSL Piacenza , 29121 Piacenza ,","place":["Italy"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stefano","family":"Vecchia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pharmacology Department, AUSL Piacenza , 29121 Piacenza ,","place":["Italy"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Manuela","family":"Proietto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Oncology-Haematology Department, AUSL Piacenza , 29121 Piacenza ,","place":["Italy"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Patrizia","family":"Mordenti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Oncology-Haematology Department, AUSL Piacenza , 29121 Piacenza ,","place":["Italy"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025030422472463400_CIT0001","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1378","DOI":"10.1634\/theoncologist.2015-0110","article-title":"Distance as a barrier to cancer diagnosis and treatment: review of the 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Oncologist"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/oncolo\/article-pdf\/30\/2\/oyaf021\/61934855\/oyaf021.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/oncolo\/article-pdf\/30\/2\/oyaf021\/61934855\/oyaf021.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,4]],"date-time":"2025-03-04T22:47:35Z","timestamp":1741128455000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/oncolo\/article\/doi\/10.1093\/oncolo\/oyaf021\/8019835"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,2]]},"references-count":10,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,6]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/oncolo\/oyaf021","relation":{},"ISSN":["1083-7159","1549-490X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1083-7159","type":"print"},{"value":"1549-490X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published-other":{"date-parts":[[2025,2]]},"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,2]]},"article-number":"oyaf021"}}