{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,14]],"date-time":"2026-10-14T17:24:44Z","timestamp":1791998684534,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":48,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,25]],"date-time":"2025-09-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1758758400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"National High Level Hospital Clinical Research Funding","award":["2022-PUMCH-B-098"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2022-PUMCH-B-098"]}]},{"name":"National Science and Technology Major Project of China","award":["2023ZD0502804"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2023ZD0502804"]}]},{"name":"Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Innovation Fund for Medical Sciences","award":["2021-I2M-1-003"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2021-I2M-1-003"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Immune checkpoint inhibitors-related myocarditis (ICI-myocarditis) is a rare but potentially lethal complication of cancer immunotherapy. Extensive information concerning risk factors and outcomes is still insufficient.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This multicenter retrospective study enrolled 161 patients diagnosed with biopsy-proven or clinically diagnosed ICI-myocarditis. We performed thorough studies of clinical characteristics and management approaches. Time-to-event analyses, encompassing landmark analysis, and competing risk models, were employed to identify early mortality predictors and evaluate long-term prognosis in survivors.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>ICI-myocarditis typically generally manifested early (median 4\u2009weeks following ICI initiation), with mortality primarily occurring within 60\u2009days. Significantly elevated cardiac troponin I (cTnI \u2265 50 times the upper reference limit) and reduced left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF &amp;lt; 50%) were strong predictors of shortened survival. Landmark analyses revealed these factors influenced early but not long-term mortality beyond 60\u2009days. Patients with concomitant myositis exhibited more fulminant presentations and higher early mortality, though long-term outcomes were comparable to those of isolated myocarditis. Multivariable analysis identified four independent predictors of cardiotoxicity-related death: initial LVEF &amp;lt; 50%, alanine aminotransferase (ALT), creatine kinase-MB (CKMB), and concomitant ICI-myositis.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Our study identifies multiple key predictors of early mortality in ICI-myocarditis. These results underscore the significance of early detection and vigorous intervention, particularly in patients with extreme troponin elevation or overlapping myositis. Despite higher short-term mortality in high-risk patients, long-term prognosis among survivors appears comparable.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/oncolo\/oyaf285","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,23]],"date-time":"2025-09-23T11:58:05Z","timestamp":1758628685000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["Immune checkpoint inhibitor-related myocarditis: a comprehensive analysis of clinical manifestations and prognostic factors"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"30","author":[{"given":"Yue","family":"Fan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College , Beijing 100730,","place":["China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yan","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Peking Union Medical College 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