{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,8]],"date-time":"2026-10-08T16:22:56Z","timestamp":1791476576474,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"4","funder":[{"name":"National Institutes of Health through MD Anderson\u2019s Cancer Center","award":["P30CA016672"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["P30CA016672"]}]},{"name":"Clinical and Translational Science Award"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Telemedicine expanded rapidly during the COVID-19 pandemic, but its role in early-phase oncology trials remains uncertain. We evaluated its impact on recruitment, enrollment, equity, and access in a large phase I program.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Patients and methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We retrospectively analyzed patients seen for first consultation in the MD Anderson Phase I Program (2016-2023). Recruitment (consent) and enrollment (treatment initiation) were compared by visit type, race\/ethnicity, and geography across pre-pandemic (2016-2019), pandemic (2020-March 11, 2023), and post\u2013public health emergency (PHE; March-December 2023) periods. A chart review of 400 patients validated findings.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Of 14 085 patients, 7247 were evaluated post-pandemic, with 36% (n\u2009=\u20092616) of first visits by telemedicine. Recruitment and enrollment rates were comparable between telemedicine and in-person visits (61.5% vs 62.6% and 37.5% vs 39.6%, respectively) in the post-2020 period. Hispanic patients used telemedicine more often than non-Hispanic (NH) white patients (43.8% vs 35.9%; P\u2009=\u2009.0002) and had higher enrollment (54.2% vs 39.4%; P\u2009&amp;lt;\u2009.0001) during this period. Rates were similar for NH Black vs NH White patients. Texas residents were more likely to use telemedicine than out-of-state patients (48.5% vs 22.8%; P\u2009=\u2009.0001). After the PHE ended, telemedicine increased among Texas patients (48%\u219256%) but declined among out-of-state patients (26%\u219212%).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Telemedicine is a feasible and equitable strategy for early-phase oncology trial enrollment, with strong uptake among Hispanic patients. However, use declined among out-of-state patients after the PHE, underscoring cross-state licensure and reimbursement barriers to equitable access. Policy reforms are essential to preserve telemedicine as a permanent gateway to clinical trials and to broaden diversity in cancer research.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/oncolo\/oyag075","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,6]],"date-time":"2026-03-06T12:37:01Z","timestamp":1772800621000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Telemedicine as a gateway to early-phase oncology trials: lessons from 14 000 patients and future directions for global access and equity"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"31","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7063-1156","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Carlos","family":"Torrado","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Investigational Cancer Therapeutics (Phase I Program), The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center , Houston, TX 77030,","place":["United States"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Clark R","family":"Andersen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biostatistics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center , Houston, TX 77030,","place":["United States"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lei","family":"Kang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biostatistics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center , Houston, TX 77030,","place":["United States"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Amanda L","family":"Brink","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Investigational Cancer Therapeutics (Phase I Program), The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center , Houston, TX 77030,","place":["United States"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Taiwo","family":"Adesoye","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Breast Surgical Oncology, Division of Surgery, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center , Houston, TX 77030,","place":["United States"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hung","family":"Le","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Investigational Cancer Therapeutics (Phase I Program), The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center , Houston, TX 77030,","place":["United States"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Clover J","family":"Patterson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Investigational Cancer Therapeutics (Phase I Program), The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center , Houston, TX 77030,","place":["United States"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anna","family":"Poullard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Investigational Cancer Therapeutics (Phase I Program), The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center , Houston, TX 77030,","place":["United States"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jessica A","family":"Osburn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Investigational Cancer Therapeutics (Phase I Program), The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center , Houston, TX 77030,","place":["United States"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Harold N","family":"Tan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Investigational Cancer Therapeutics (Phase I Program), The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center , Houston, TX 77030,","place":["United States"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mohamed A","family":"Gouda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Investigational Cancer Therapeutics (Phase I Program), The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center , Houston, TX 77030,","place":["United States"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sheena","family":"Charles","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Investigational Cancer Therapeutics (Phase I Program), The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center , Houston, TX 77030,","place":["United States"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gabriele E","family":"Urschel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Investigational Cancer Therapeutics (Phase I Program), The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center , Houston, TX 77030,","place":["United States"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2030-9518","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tin-Yun","family":"Tang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Investigational Cancer Therapeutics (Phase I Program), The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center , Houston, TX 77030,","place":["United States"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David S","family":"Hong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Investigational Cancer Therapeutics (Phase I Program), The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center , Houston, TX 77030,","place":["United States"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stephane","family":"Champiat","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Investigational Cancer Therapeutics (Phase I Program), The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center , Houston, TX 77030,","place":["United States"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4803-8513","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Aung","family":"Naing","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Investigational Cancer Therapeutics (Phase I Program), The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center , Houston, TX 77030,","place":["United States"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Apostolia M","family":"Tsimberidou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Investigational Cancer Therapeutics (Phase I Program), The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center , Houston, TX 77030,","place":["United States"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ecaterina E","family":"Dumbrava","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Investigational Cancer Therapeutics (Phase I Program), The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center , Houston, TX 77030,","place":["United States"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sarina A","family":"Piha-Paul","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Investigational Cancer Therapeutics (Phase I Program), The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center , Houston, TX 77030,","place":["United States"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6467-3632","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jordi","family":"Rodon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Investigational Cancer Therapeutics (Phase I Program), The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center , Houston, TX 77030,","place":["United States"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Timothy A","family":"Yap","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Investigational Cancer Therapeutics (Phase I Program), The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center , Houston, TX 77030,","place":["United States"]},{"name":"Department of Experimental Therapeutics, Therapeutics Discovery Division, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center , Houston, TX 77030,","place":["United States"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Paula R","family":"Pohlmann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Investigational Cancer Therapeutics (Phase I Program), The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center , Houston, TX 77030,","place":["United States"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6816-6072","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Funda","family":"Meric-Bernstam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Investigational Cancer Therapeutics (Phase I Program), The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center , Houston, TX 77030,","place":["United States"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1933-0419","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Siqing","family":"Fu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Investigational Cancer Therapeutics (Phase I Program), The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center , Houston, TX 77030,","place":["United 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