{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,7]],"date-time":"2026-08-07T18:04:12Z","timestamp":1786125852029,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":14,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,21]],"date-time":"2020-08-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1597968000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/journals\/pages\/open_access\/funder_policies\/chorus\/standard_publication_model"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Operative Surg.","ONSURG"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>BACKGROUND<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Lumbar spinal drainage (LSD) can significantly facilitate brain relaxation and improve ease of surgical goals for a variety of neurosurgical indications. Although rapid drainage of large volumes of spinal fluid can theoretically produce shifts in brain compartments and herniation syndromes, the clinical significance of this phenomenon when LSD is used immediately before craniotomy is unclear.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>OBJECTIVE<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To report a large single-surgeon consecutive experience with symptomatic brain herniation after lumbar drainage before craniotomy.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>METHODS<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Included were 365 patients who underwent LSD with either lumbar drain or lumbar puncture for a variety of different neurosurgical pathologies between 2008 and 2018 immediately before craniotomy. We reviewed the surgical indications, craniotomy location, approach, type of LSD, presence of postoperative brain herniation on imaging, type of herniation, clinical symptoms, lesion pathology, and 30-d modified Rankin Scale score for each patient.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>RESULTS<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>There was no patient who suffered from the development of new or worsening symptomatic or radiological brain herniation directly related to use of immediate preoperative LSD. This included 204 supratentorial and 161 infratentorial procedures. Surgical indications included 188 tumors, 5 aneurysms, 37 arteriovenous malformations, 2 revascularization procedures, 97 microvascular decompressions, 10 optic nerve decompressions requiring extradural clinoidectomy for tumor removal, and 26 \u201cother\u201d pathologies.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>CONCLUSION<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Brain herniation did not occur postoperatively with the use of immediate preoperative LSD in our series, regardless of craniotomy location, pathology, extent of mass effect, or approach. Our experience suggests that LSD is a potentially safe preoperative adjunct that can be used to facilitate surgical objectives.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/ons\/opaa262","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,21]],"date-time":"2020-08-21T19:07:34Z","timestamp":1598036854000},"page":"E77-E82","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Risk of Brain Herniation After Craniotomy With Preoperative Lumbar Spinal Drainage: A Single-Surgeon Experience of 365 Patients Among 3000 Major Cranial Cases"],"prefix":"10.1227","volume":"20","author":[{"given":"Brandon C","family":"Lane","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, Indiana University, Indianapolis, Indiana"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Robert","family":"Scranton","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, Indiana University, Indianapolis, Indiana"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4946-1524","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Aaron A","family":"Cohen-Gadol","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, Indiana University, Indianapolis, Indiana"},{"name":"The Neurosurgical Atlas, Indianapolis, Indiana"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,2]]},"reference":[{"issue":"2","key":"bib1-20251027","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"133","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2007-970562","article-title":"Utilization of preoperative cerebrospinal fluid drain in skull base surgery","volume":"17","author":"Bien","year":"2007","journal-title":"Skull Base"},{"issue":"4","key":"bib2-20251027","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"338","DOI":"10.1016\/S0090-3019(96)00472-7","article-title":"The safety of intraoperative lumbar subarachnoid drainage for acutely ruptured intracranial aneurysm: technical note","volume":"48","author":"Connolly","year":"1997","journal-title":"Surg Neurol"},{"issue":"2","key":"bib3-20251027","first-page":"388","article-title":"Neurologic complications after placement of cerebrospinal fluid drainage catheters and needles in anesthetized patients: implications for regional anesthesia","volume":"88","author":"Grady","year":"1999","journal-title":"Anesth Analg"},{"issue":"5","key":"bib4-20251027","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"475","DOI":"10.1007\/s007010200068","article-title":"Complications of closed continuous lumbar drainage of cerebrospinal fluid","volume":"144","author":"A\u00e7\u0131kba\u015f","year":"2002","journal-title":"Acta Neurochir (Wien)"},{"issue":"1","key":"bib5-20251027","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"100","DOI":"10.3174\/ajnr.A1749","article-title":"Postsurgical intracranial hypotension: diagnostic and prognostic imaging findings","volume":"31","author":"Hadizadeh","year":"2010","journal-title":"AJNR Am J Neuroradiol"},{"key":"bib6-20251027","first-page":"1","article-title":"Risk of brain herniation after craniotomy with lumbar spinal drainage: a propensity score analysis","author":"Motoyama","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Neurosurg"},{"issue":"4","key":"bib7-20251027","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"564","DOI":"10.1177\/019459989210700409","article-title":"Complications of lumbar spinal fluid drainage","volume":"107","author":"Roland","year":"1992","journal-title":"Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg"},{"issue":"1","key":"bib8-20251027","first-page":"148","article-title":"Intracranial hypotension after intraoperative lumbar cerebrospinal fluid drainage","volume":"52","author":"Samadani","year":"2003","journal-title":"Neurosurgery"},{"issue":"3","key":"bib9-20251027","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"303","DOI":"10.1080\/02688690701365788","article-title":"Brain sag as a cause of postoperative neurological deterioration following anterior cranial fossa floor repair for post traumatic cerebrospinal fluid rhinorrhoea","volume":"21","author":"Kamat","year":"2007","journal-title":"Br J Neurosurg"},{"issue":"6","key":"bib10-20251027","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1598","DOI":"10.1148\/rg.2019190018","article-title":"Types of cerebral herniation and their imaging features","volume":"39","author":"Riveros Gilardi","year":"2019","journal-title":"Radiographics"},{"issue":"1","key":"bib11-20251027","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"157","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.62.1.157","article-title":"Sinking brain syndrome: craniotomy can precipitate brainstem herniation in CSF hypovolemia","volume":"62","author":"Kelley","year":"2004","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"issue":"2","key":"bib12-20251027","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"286","DOI":"10.1227\/01.NEU.0000166661.96546.33","article-title":"Herniation secondary to critical postcraniotomy cerebrospinal fluid hypovolemia","volume":"57","author":"Komotar","year":"2005","journal-title":"Neurosurgery"},{"key":"bib13-20251027","first-page":"8584753","article-title":"Hydrocephalus after subarachnoid hemorrhage: pathophysiology, diagnosis, and treatment","volume":"2017","author":"Chen","year":"2017","journal-title":"Biomed Res Int"},{"issue":"2","key":"bib14-20251027","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"284","DOI":"10.1227\/01.NEU.0000223340.89958.8D","article-title":"Critical postcraniotomy cerebrospinal fluid hypovolemia","volume":"59","author":"Komotar","year":"2006","journal-title":"Neurosurgery"}],"container-title":["Operative Neurosurgery"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/academic.oup.com\/ons\/advance-article-pdf\/doi\/10.1093\/ons\/opaa262\/33672773\/opaa262.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ovid.com\/10.1093\/ons\/opaa262","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,7]],"date-time":"2026-08-07T17:03:28Z","timestamp":1786122208000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ovid.com\/10.1093\/ons\/opaa262"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,21]]},"references-count":14,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/ons\/opaa262","relation":{},"ISSN":["2332-4252","2332-4260"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2332-4252","type":"print"},{"value":"2332-4260","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,21]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2020-01-16","name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2020-06-23","name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}