{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,7]],"date-time":"2026-08-07T17:47:12Z","timestamp":1786124832978,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":83,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,7]],"date-time":"2020-09-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1599436800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/journals\/pages\/open_access\/funder_policies\/chorus\/standard_publication_model"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Operative Surg.","ONSURG"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Cerebral revascularization utilizing a variety of bypass techniques can provide either flow augmentation or flow replacement in the treatment of a range of intracranial pathologies, including moyamoya disease, intracranial atherosclerotic disease, and complex aneurysms that are not amenable to endovascular or simple surgical techniques. Though once routine, the publication of high-quality prospective evidence, along with the development of flow-diverting stents, has limited the indications for extracranial-to-intracranial (EC-IC) bypass. Nevertheless, advances in imaging, assessment of cerebral hemodynamics, and surgical technique have changed the risk-benefit calculus for EC-IC bypass. New variations of revascularization surgery involving multiple anastomoses, flow preserving solutions, IC-IC constructs, and posterior circulation bypasses have been pioneered for otherwise difficult to treat pathology including giant aneurysms, dolichoectasia, and medically refractory intracranial atherosclerosis. This review provides a practical update on recent advances in adult intracranial bypass surgery.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/ons\/opaa276","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,8]],"date-time":"2020-09-08T01:03:58Z","timestamp":1599527038000},"page":"1-7","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":25,"title":["Controversies and Advances in Adult Intracranial Bypass Surgery in 2020"],"prefix":"10.1227","volume":"20","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3378-5345","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Daniel M S","family":"Raper","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, California"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"W Caleb","family":"Rutledge","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, California"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ethan A","family":"Winkler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, California"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Karl","family":"Meisel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco, California"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andrew L","family":"Callen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, San Francisco, California"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daniel L","family":"Cooke","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, San Francisco, California"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Adib A","family":"Abla","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, California"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,1]]},"reference":[{"issue":"18","key":"bib1-20260601","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1983","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2011.1610","article-title":"Extracranial-intracranial bypass surgery for stroke prevention in hemodynamic cerebral ischemia: the Carotid Occlusion Surgery Study randomized trial","volume":"306","author":"Powers","year":"2011","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"bib2-20260601","article-title":"Contemporary trends in extracranial-intracranial bypass utilization: analysis of data from 2008 to 2016.","author":"Alvi","journal-title":"J 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