{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,7]],"date-time":"2026-08-07T18:03:59Z","timestamp":1786125839179,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":20,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,29]],"date-time":"2020-12-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1609200000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/journals\/pages\/open_access\/funder_policies\/chorus\/standard_publication_model"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Operative Surg.","ONSURG"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>BACKGROUND<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Contact of the main stem of the petrosal vein (PV) to the nerve root is a rare cause of trigeminal neuralgia (TGN). The implication of the PV in relation with neurovascular contact (NVC) is not fully understood.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>OBJECTIVE<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To assess the operative procedures in microvascular decompression (MVD) in patients with PV involvement in the long-term.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>METHODS<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We retrospectively reviewed 34 cases (7.0%) in 485 consecutive MVDs for TGN, whose PV main stem had contact with the trigeminal nerve root (PV-NVC). PV-NVCs were divided into 2 groups: concomitant arterial contact or no concomitant arterial contact. Surgical techniques, outcomes, complications, and recurrence were assessed.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>RESULTS<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The anatomical relationship of the PV with the trigeminal nerve root was consistent with preoperative 3-dimensional imaging in all patients. Pain relief was obtained in most patients immediately after surgery (97.1%) by separating the PV from the nerve root. Postoperative facial numbness was noted in 9 patients (26.5%). Symptomatic venous infarctions occurred in 2 patients (5.9%). Recurrence of facial pain occurred in 3 patients (8.8%) with a median 48 mo follow-up period. Re-exploration surgery revealed adhesion being the cause of recurrence. The statistical analyses showed no difference in the surgical outcomes of the 2 groups.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>CONCLUSION<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Separating the PV from the nerve root contributes to pain relief in patients with PV conflict regardless of concomitant arteries. Preserving venous flow is crucial to avoid postoperative venous insufficiency.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/ons\/opaa422","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,29]],"date-time":"2020-12-29T21:19:53Z","timestamp":1609276793000},"page":"E264-E271","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Petrosal Vein Involvement in Neurovascular Conflict in Trigeminal Neuralgia: Surgical Technique and Clinical Outcomes"],"prefix":"10.1227","volume":"20","author":[{"given":"Takuro","family":"Inoue","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, Koto Memorial Hospital, Hiramatsu-cho, Higashiohmi-city, Shiga-Prefecture, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Satoshi","family":"Shitara","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, Koto Memorial Hospital, Hiramatsu-cho, Higashiohmi-city, Shiga-Prefecture, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8151-3999","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yukihiro","family":"Goto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, Saiseikai Shiga Hospital, Shiga, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mustaqim","family":"Prasetya","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, National Brain Center Hospital, Jakarta, Indonesia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Takanori","family":"Fukushima","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Neurosurgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,4]]},"reference":[{"issue":"17","key":"bib1-20251027","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1077","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199604253341701","article-title":"The long-term outcome of microvascular decompression for trigeminal neuralgia","volume":"334","author":"Barker","year":"1996","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"4","key":"bib2-20251027","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"681","DOI":"10.1007\/s00701-017-3085-4","article-title":"Diagnosis and management for trigeminal neuralgia caused solely by venous compression","volume":"159","author":"Inoue","year":"2017","journal-title":"Acta Neurochir (Wien)"},{"key":"bib3-20251027","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e366","DOI":"10.1016\/j.wneu.2019.03.128","article-title":"Vascular offenders in trigeminal neuralgia: a unified classification and assessment of the outcome of microvascular decompression","volume":"127","author":"Kumar","year":"2019","journal-title":"World Neurosurg"},{"key":"bib4-20251027","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e559","DOI":"10.1016\/j.wneu.2020.01.082","article-title":"Risk factors for outcomes after microvascular decompression for trigeminal neuralgia","volume":"136","author":"Shi","year":"2020","journal-title":"World Neurosurg"},{"key":"bib5-20251027","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e707","DOI":"10.1016\/j.wneu.2018.02.130","article-title":"Microvascular decompression for classical trigeminal neuralgia caused by venous compression: novel anatomic classifications and surgical strategy","volume":"113","author":"Wu","year":"2018","journal-title":"World Neurosurg"},{"issue":"1","key":"bib6-20251027","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"178","DOI":"10.1097\/SCS.0000000000004174","article-title":"Microvascular decompression for trigeminal neuralgia due to venous compression alone","volume":"29","author":"Zhao","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Craniofac Surg"},{"issue":"15","key":"bib7-20251027","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S415","DOI":"10.4103\/2152-7806.183520","article-title":"Sacrificing the superior petrosal vein during microvascular decompression. 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