{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,7]],"date-time":"2026-08-07T18:00:51Z","timestamp":1786125651240,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":16,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,7]],"date-time":"2021-04-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1617753600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/journals\/pages\/open_access\/funder_policies\/chorus\/standard_publication_model"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Operative Surg.","ONSURG"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>BACKGROUND AND IMPORTANCE<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Dural arteriovenous fistulas (dAVFs) are vascular abnormalities of the central nervous system that can cause a wide array of neurological dysfunction depending on their location, flow, and propensity to rupture. Symptomatic dAVFs at the cranio-cervical junction usually result in hemorrhage or cervical myelopathy. Distantly located dAVFs of the foramen magnum are a rare cause of thoracic intrinsic myelopathy.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>CLINICAL PRESENTATION<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>An 83-yr-old man presented with progressive lower extremity weakness, numbness, and difficulty walking along with episodes of bowel incontinence. Magnetic resonance imaging of the cervical spine demonstrated multilevel cervical disc disease with stenosis and longitudinal cervical cord signal change extending into the upper thoracic spinal cord. Cerebral and spinal angiography revealed a dAVF in the lateral foramen magnum region. Given the location, feeding vasculature, and morphology of the fistula, endovascular embolization was not attempted. Microsurgical resection with confirmative indocyanine green fluorescent imaging was performed with adequate obliteration of the fistula. The patient's neurological baseline was preserved postoperatively with improvement of lower extremity numbness.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>CONCLUSION<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We present a brief overview of this neuropathologic entity and demonstrate microsurgical resection of a foramen magnum dAVF through operative video. Craniocervical dAVFs should remain on the differential diagnosis of patients presenting with progressive thoracolumbar myelopathy.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/ons\/opab077","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,7]],"date-time":"2021-04-07T07:59:01Z","timestamp":1617782341000},"page":"E55-E59","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Foramen Magnum Dural Arteriovenous Fistula Presenting With Thoracic Myelopathy: Technical Case Report With 2-Dimensional Operative Video"],"prefix":"10.1227","volume":"21","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6480-3521","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ron","family":"Gadot","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3298-4628","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sricharan","family":"Gopakumar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6480-2668","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kathryn","family":"Wagner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David S","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3378-5345","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Daniel M S","family":"Raper","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3726-4048","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jan-Karl","family":"Burkhardt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alexander E","family":"Ropper","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,7]]},"reference":[{"issue":"6","key":"bib1-20251027","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"648","DOI":"10.1136\/neurintsurg-2015-011775","article-title":"Dural arteriovenous fistulas at the craniocervical junction: a systematic review","volume":"8","author":"Zhao","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Neurointerv Surg"},{"issue":"5","key":"bib2-20251027","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"684","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1468-1331.2009.02895.x","article-title":"Dural arteriovenous fistula at the foramen magnum presenting with subarachnoid hemorrhage: case reports and literature review","volume":"17","author":"Guo","year":"2010","journal-title":"Eur J Neurol"},{"issue":"5","key":"bib3-20251027","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1424","DOI":"10.1161\/STROKEAHA.116.012784","article-title":"Intracranial dural arteriovenous fistulae","volume":"48","author":"Reynolds","year":"2017","journal-title":"Stroke"},{"issue":"1","key":"bib4-20251027","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"50","DOI":"10.1136\/svn-2019-000269","article-title":"Updates in the management of cranial dural arteriovenous fistula","volume":"5","author":"Baharvahdat","year":"2019","journal-title":"Stroke Vasc Neurol"},{"issue":"3","key":"bib5-20251027","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"671","DOI":"10.1148\/radiology.194.3.7862961","article-title":"Cerebral dural arteriovenous fistulas: clinical and angiographic correlation with a revised classification of venous drainage","volume":"194","author":"Cognard","year":"1995","journal-title":"Radiology"},{"issue":"2","key":"bib6-20251027","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"166","DOI":"10.3171\/jns.1995.82.2.0166","article-title":"A proposed classification for spinal and cranial dural arteriovenous fistulous malformations and implications for treatment","volume":"82","author":"Borden","year":"1995","journal-title":"J Neurosurg"},{"issue":"6","key":"bib7-20251027","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1007","DOI":"10.3174\/ajnr.A2798","article-title":"Intracranial dural arteriovenous fistulas: classification, imaging findings, and treatment","volume":"33","author":"Gandhi","year":"2012","journal-title":"AJNR Am J Neuroradiol"},{"issue":"4","key":"bib8-20251027","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"303","DOI":"10.1177\/159101999700300405","article-title":"The natural history and management of intracranial dural arteriovenous fistulae. 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