{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,9]],"date-time":"2026-10-09T22:40:05Z","timestamp":1791585605522,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":43,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,9]],"date-time":"2021-07-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1625788800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/journals\/pages\/open_access\/funder_policies\/chorus\/standard_publication_model"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Operative Surg.","ONSURG"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>BACKGROUND<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Endoscopic endonasal approaches (EEAs) to anterior skull base meningiomas have grown in popularity, though anatomic limitations remain unclear.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>OBJECTIVE<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To show the anatomic limits of EEA for meningiomas.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>METHODS<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Retrospective chart review for all patients that underwent EEA for anterior skull base meningiomas from 2005 to 2014.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>RESULTS<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      A total of 100 patients averaged follow-up of 46.9 mo (24-100 mo). A total of 35 patients (35%) had olfactory groove, 33 planum sphenoidale (33%), and 32 tuberculum sella (32%) meningiomas. The average diameter was 2.9 cm (0.5-8.1 cm). Vascular encasement was seen in 11 patients (11%) and calcification in 20 (20%). Simpson Grade 1 (SG1) resection was achieved in 64 patients (64%). Only calcification impacted degree of resection (40% SG1,\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0=\u00a0.012). The most common residual was on the anterior clinoid dura (11 patients [11%]). Six (6%) had residual superior\/lateral to the optic nerve. Residual tumor was adherent to the optic apparatus or arteries in 5 patients (5%) each, and 3 patients (3%) had residual lateral to the mid-orbit. Rates of residual decreased over time. A total of 11 patients (11%) had tumor recurrence (mean of 40 mo): 4 (4%) on the anterior clinoid, 2 (2%) each on the lateral orbital roof, adherent to optic apparatus and superolateral to the optic nerve, and 1 (1%) was at the anterior falx.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>CONCLUSION<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Anterior skull base meningiomas can effectively be approached via EEA in most patients; tumors extending to the anterior clinoid, anterior falx, or superolateral to the optic nerve or orbital roof, especially if calcified, may be difficult to reach via EEA.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/ons\/opab244","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,10]],"date-time":"2021-07-10T08:28:44Z","timestamp":1625905724000},"page":"207-216","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":18,"title":["Residual and Recurrent Disease Following Endoscopic Endonasal Approach as a Reflection of Anatomic Limitation for the Resection of Midline Anterior Skull Base Meningiomas"],"prefix":"10.1227","volume":"21","author":[{"given":"Pradeep","family":"Setty","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Juan C","family":"Fernandez-Miranda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, 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