{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,25]],"date-time":"2026-08-25T21:47:46Z","timestamp":1787694466093,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":19,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,15]],"date-time":"2021-09-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1631664000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/journals\/pages\/open_access\/funder_policies\/chorus\/standard_publication_model"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Operative Surg.","ONSURG"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>BACKGROUND<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Endoscopic transorbital approach (ETOA) has been proposed as a minimally invasive technique for the treatment of skull base lesions located around mesial temporal lobe (MTL), mostly extra-axial pathology.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>OBJECTIVE<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To explore the feasibility of ETOA in accessing intraparenchymal MTL with cadaveric specimens and describe our initial clinical experience of ETOA for intra-axial lesions in MTL.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>METHODS<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Anatomic dissections were performed in 4 adult cadaveric heads using a 0\u00b0 endoscope. First, a stepwise anatomical investigation of ETOA to intraparenchymal MTL was explored. Then, ETOA was applied clinically for 7 patients with intra-axial lesions in MTL, predominantly high-grade gliomas (HGGs) and low-grade gliomas (LGGs).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>RESULTS<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The extradural stage of ETOA entailed a superior eyelid incision followed by orbital retraction, drilling of orbital roof, greater and lesser wing of sphenoid bone, and cutting of the meningo-orbital band. For the intradural stage, the brain tissue medial to the occipito-temporal gyrus was aspirated until the temporal horn was opened. The structures of MTL could be aspirated selectively in a subpial manner without injury to the neurovascular structures of the ambient and sylvian cisterns, and the lateral neocortex. After cadaveric validation, ETOA was successfully performed for 4 patients with HGGs and 3 patients with LGGs. Gross total resection was achieved in 6 patients (85.7%) without significant surgical morbidities including visual field deficits.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>CONCLUSION<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>ETOA provides a logical line of access for intra-axial lesions in MTL. The safe and natural surgical trajectory of ETOA can spare brain retraction, neurovascular injury, and disruption of the lateral neocortex.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/ons\/opab319","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,15]],"date-time":"2021-09-15T21:22:03Z","timestamp":1631740923000},"page":"E506-E515","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":35,"title":["Endoscopic Transorbital Approach to Mesial Temporal Lobe for Intra-Axial Lesions: Cadaveric Study and Case Series (SevEN-008)"],"prefix":"10.1227","volume":"21","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2526-9693","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hun Ho","family":"Park","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery,, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei University Health System, Seoul, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tae 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