{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,7]],"date-time":"2026-08-07T17:51:17Z","timestamp":1786125077871,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":23,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,12,6]],"date-time":"2019-12-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1575590400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":707,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/journals\/pages\/open_access\/funder_policies\/chorus\/standard_publication_model"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Operative Surg.","ONSURG"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>BACKGROUND<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Intermediate nerve neuralgia (INN) is a rare and often overlooked form of primary otalgia. The pathophysiological mechanism is unknown, although one of the possible contributing factors is a neurovascular conflict at the root entry zone of the intermediate nerve. The pain can be severely debilitating, and the palette of treatment options is small.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>OBJECTIVE<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To assess the outcome of microvascular decompression (MVD) of the VII\/VIII cranial nerve complex for treating INN.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>METHODS<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We retrospectively reviewed the records of a group of 8 consecutive patients with INN who underwent MVD of the VII\/VIII cranial nerve complex in the period 1994 to 2015.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>RESULTS<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In total, 7 of the 8 patients experienced almost immediate and complete relief of pain, which remained at long-term follow-up (mean 35 mo \u00b1 24 mo, range 8-84 mo). Postoperatively, 1 patient had a cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leak, 3 patients experienced permanent ipsilateral hearing loss, and 3 patients had temporary complaints associated with excessive drainage of CSF.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>CONCLUSION<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study suggests MVD as a valid treatment for medically refractory INN. MVD carries surgical risk, but given the severity of complaints of these patients, we believe the treatment benefits outweigh the associated complications.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/ons\/opx271","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,12,29]],"date-time":"2017-12-29T06:05:24Z","timestamp":1514527524000},"page":"378-385","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Microvascular Decompression of the VII\/VIII Cranial Nerve Complex for the Treatment of Intermediate Nerve Neuralgia: A Retrospective Case Series"],"prefix":"10.1227","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Eric","family":"Goulin Lippi Fernandes","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, University Medical Center Utrecht, The Netherlands"},{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, Evangelisches Klinikum Bethel, Bielefeld, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tristan","family":"van Doormaal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, University Medical Center Utrecht, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sander","family":"de Ru","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otorhinolaryngology\u2014Head & Neck Surgery, Central Military Hospital, Utrecht, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kai","family":"Miller","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, Stanford Medicine, Palo Alto, California, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kuo Sen","family":"Han","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, University Medical Center Utrecht, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,10]]},"reference":[{"issue":"3","key":"bib1-20231017","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"139","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aanat.2010.02.004","article-title":"History of the nervus intermedius of Wrisberg","volume":"192","author":"Alfieri","year":"2010","journal-title":"Ann Anat"},{"issue":"6","key":"bib2-20231017","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"609","DOI":"10.3171\/jns.1968.29.6.0609","article-title":"Nervus intermedius","volume":"29","author":"Rhoton","year":"1968","journal-title":"J Neurosurg"},{"issue":"5","key":"bib3-20231017","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"619","DOI":"10.1007\/s00276-015-1571-z","article-title":"Neural connections between the nervus intermedius and the facial and vestibulocochlear nerves in the cerebellopontine angle: an anatomic study","volume":"38","author":"Tubbs","year":"2016","journal-title":"Surg Radiol Anat"},{"issue":"6","key":"bib4-20231017","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e353","DOI":"10.1016\/j.wneu.2012.11.053","article-title":"Geniculate neuralgia: clinical, radiologic, and intraoperative correlates","volume":"80","author":"Tubbs","year":"2013","journal-title":"World Neurosurg"},{"issue":"9","key":"bib5-20231017","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"629","DOI":"10.1177\/0333102413485658","article-title":"The International Classification of Headache Disorders, 3rd edition (beta version)","volume":"33","year":"2013","journal-title":"Cephalalgia"},{"issue":"4","key":"bib6-20231017","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1187","DOI":"10.1097\/SCS.0000000000000837","article-title":"Intermediate nerve neuralgia can be diagnosed and cured by microvascular decompression","volume":"25","author":"Chen","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Craniofac Surg"},{"issue":"5","key":"bib7-20231017","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"520","DOI":"10.1017\/S0022215110002677","article-title":"Microvascular decompression may be an effective treatment for nervus intermedius neuralgia","volume":"125","author":"Saers","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Laryngol Otol"},{"issue":"5","key":"bib8-20231017","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"394","DOI":"10.1017\/S0022215114000802","article-title":"Geniculate neuralgia: a systematic review","volume":"128","author":"Tang","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Laryngol Otol"},{"issue":"1","key":"bib9-20231017","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"52","DOI":"10.4103\/2152-7806.154452","article-title":"Microvascular decompression of the posterior inferior cerebellar artery for intermediate nerve neuralgia","volume":"6","author":"Schroeder","year":"2015","journal-title":"Surg Neurol Int"},{"issue":"3","key":"bib10-20231017","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"193","DOI":"10.1159\/000313873","article-title":"Microvascular decompression of the anterior inferior cerebellar artery for intermediate nerve neuralgia","volume":"88","author":"Younes","year":"2010","journal-title":"Stereotact Funct Neurosurg"},{"issue":"8","key":"bib11-20231017","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1003","DOI":"10.1007\/s00701-009-0367-5","article-title":"Atypic geniculate neuralgia: atypic anatomic correlation of cranial nerve roots and AICA","volume":"151","author":"Ozer","year":"2009","journal-title":"Acta Neurochir"},{"issue":"6","key":"bib12-20231017","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1228","DOI":"10.3171\/JNS-07\/12\/1228","article-title":"Paroxysmal otalgia due to compression of the intermediate nerve: a distinct syndrome of neurovascular conflict confirmed by neuroimaging. Case report","volume":"107","author":"Sakas","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Neurosurg"},{"issue":"4","key":"bib13-20231017","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"238","DOI":"10.1097\/SIH.0000000000000150","article-title":"Reporting guidelines for health care simulation research","volume":"11","author":"Cheng","year":"2016","journal-title":"Simul Healthc"},{"issue":"4","key":"bib14-20231017","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"743","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nec.2014.06.007","article-title":"Microvascular decompression for trigeminal neuralgia","volume":"25","author":"Sade","year":"2014","journal-title":"Neurosurg Clin North Am"},{"issue":"4","key":"bib15-20231017","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1013","DOI":"10.1016\/S0360-3016(00)00513-7","article-title":"Gamma knife radiosurgery for trigeminal neuralgia: the initial experience of the Barrow Neurological Institute","volume":"47","author":"Rogers","year":"2000","journal-title":"Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys"},{"issue":"543","key":"bib16-20231017","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"95","DOI":"10.1080\/000164800454099","article-title":"Effects of cerebrospinal fluid loss on hearing","volume":"543","author":"Walsted","year":"2000","journal-title":"Acta Otolaryngol"},{"issue":"4","key":"bib17-20231017","first-page":"512","article-title":"Surgical management of geniculate neuralgia","volume":"18","author":"Lovely","year":"1997","journal-title":"Am J Otol"},{"issue":"1","key":"bib18-20231017","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"30","DOI":"10.1177\/014556130208100110","article-title":"Geniculate neuralgia: long-term results of surgical treatment","volume":"81","author":"Pulec","year":"2002","journal-title":"Ear Nose Throat J"},{"issue":"1","key":"bib19-20231017","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"54","DOI":"10.3171\/jns.1968.28.1.0054","article-title":"The role of the nervus intermedius in facial neuralgia","volume":"28","author":"Sachs","year":"1968","journal-title":"J Neurosurg"},{"issue":"1","key":"bib20-20231017","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"60","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2482-14-60","article-title":"Rhizotomy targeting the intermediate nerve, the glossopharyngeal nerve and the upper 1st to 2nd rootlets of the vagus nerve for the treatment of laryngeal neuralgia combined with intermediate nerve neuralgia-a case report","volume":"14","author":"Zong","year":"2014","journal-title":"BMC Surg"},{"issue":"4","key":"bib21-20231017","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"522","DOI":"10.1097\/MAO.0b013e31819e9084","article-title":"Sectioning the sensory auricular branch of the facial nerve to treat recalcitrant otalgia","volume":"30","author":"Ulubil","year":"2009","journal-title":"Otol Neurotol"},{"issue":"2","key":"bib22-20231017","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"127","DOI":"10.4103\/0976-237X.68588","article-title":"Herpes zoster oticus: A rare clinical entity","volume":"1","author":"Gondivkar","year":"2010","journal-title":"Contemp Clin Dent"},{"issue":"10","key":"bib23-20231017","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"617","DOI":"10.2188\/jea.JE20140210","article-title":"Incidences of herpes zoster and postherpetic neuralgia in Japanese adults aged 50 years and older from a community-based prospective cohort study: the SHEZ study","volume":"25","author":"Takao","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Epidemiol"}],"updated-by":[{"DOI":"10.1093\/ons\/opy056","type":"correction","label":"Correction","source":"publisher","updated":{"date-parts":[[2018,5,1]],"date-time":"2018-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1525132800000}}],"container-title":["Operative Neurosurgery"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/academic.oup.com\/ons\/article-pdf\/15\/4\/378\/30207393\/opx271.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ovid.com\/01787389-201810000-00009","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,7]],"date-time":"2026-08-07T16:49:55Z","timestamp":1786121395000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ovid.com\/01787389-201810000-00009"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2017,12,29]]},"references-count":23,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/ons\/opx271","relation":{},"ISSN":["2332-4252","2332-4260"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2332-4252","type":"print"},{"value":"2332-4260","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2017,12,29]]}}}