{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,7]],"date-time":"2026-08-07T17:44:39Z","timestamp":1786124679407,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,6,5]],"date-time":"2018-06-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1528156800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/journals\/pages\/open_access\/funder_policies\/chorus\/standard_publication_model"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Oper. Neurosurg.","ONSURG"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>BACKGROUND AND IMPORTANCE<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Mesencephalic tectal gliomas represent a subset of midbrain tumors, which are more frequent in children than in adults. They usually become symptomatic when causing hydrocephalus by occluding the aqueduct. Because of their slow progression, due to their benign histology, they are characterized by a relatively good prognosis, although hydrocephalus might jeopardize patients\u2019 prognosis. Treatment is usually represented by cerebrospinal fluid diversion associated or not with biopsy.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>CLINICAL PRESENTATION<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We report 2 illustrative cases of tectal gliomas in adults where endoscopic third ventriculostomy (ETV) and simultaneous endoscopic biopsy were obtained during the same operation by means of a single burr hole with a flexible endoscope.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>CONCLUSION<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We recommend using this overlooked neurosurgical tool for such cases, since it allows the surgeon to safely perform an ETV, then judge whether biopsy can be done or not, without harming the patient, and possibly achieving an important piece of information (histopathological diagnosis) to manage this subset of oncological patients.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/ons\/opy114","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,6,5]],"date-time":"2018-06-05T06:27:30Z","timestamp":1528180050000},"page":"E95-E100","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Brain Tectal Tumors: A Flexible Approach"],"prefix":"10.1227","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Alessandro","family":"Perin","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Neurosurgery Department, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Nazionale \u201cC. Besta,\u201d Milan, Italy"},{"name":"Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy"},{"name":"Besta NeuroSim Center, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Nazionale \u201cC. Besta\u201d, Milan, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tommaso Francesco","family":"Galbiati","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neurosurgery Department, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Nazionale \u201cC. Besta,\u201d Milan, Italy"},{"name":"Besta NeuroSim Center, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Nazionale \u201cC. Besta\u201d, Milan, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cecilia","family":"Casali","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neurosurgery Department, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Nazionale \u201cC. Besta,\u201d Milan, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Federico Giuseppe","family":"Legnani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neurosurgery Department, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Nazionale \u201cC. Besta,\u201d Milan, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Luca","family":"Mattei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neurosurgery Department, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Nazionale \u201cC. Besta,\u201d Milan, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Francesco Ugo","family":"Prada","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neurosurgery Department, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Nazionale \u201cC. Besta,\u201d Milan, Italy"},{"name":"Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Virginia Health Science Center, Charlottesville, Virginia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marco","family":"Saini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neurosurgery Department, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Nazionale \u201cC. Besta,\u201d Milan, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andrea","family":"Saladino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neurosurgery Department, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Nazionale \u201cC. Besta,\u201d Milan, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nicole","family":"Riker","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neurosurgery Department, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Nazionale \u201cC. Besta,\u201d Milan, Italy"},{"name":"Besta NeuroSim Center, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Nazionale \u201cC. Besta\u201d, Milan, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Francesco","family":"DiMeco","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neurosurgery Department, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Nazionale \u201cC. Besta,\u201d Milan, Italy"},{"name":"Besta NeuroSim Center, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Nazionale \u201cC. Besta\u201d, Milan, Italy"},{"name":"Department of Neurological Surgery, Johns Hopkins Medical School, Baltimore, Maryland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,3]]},"reference":[{"issue":"12","key":"bib1-20240909","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2313","DOI":"10.1002\/1097-0142(19831215)52:12<2313::AID-CNCR2820521226>3.0.CO;2-I","article-title":"Brain stem gliomas of children a clinicopathological study","volume":"52","author":"Albright","year":"1983","journal-title":"Cancer"},{"issue":"10","key":"bib2-20240909","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1827","DOI":"10.1007\/s00381-013-2110-z","article-title":"Tectal plate gliomas: a review","volume":"29","author":"Igboechi","year":"2013","journal-title":"Child's Nerv Syst"},{"key":"bib3-20240909","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"180","DOI":"10.3389\/fonc.2016.00180","article-title":"Brainstem glioma in adults","volume":"6","author":"Hu","year":"2016","journal-title":"Front Oncol"},{"issue":"2","key":"bib4-20240909","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"338","DOI":"10.1097\/00006123-199902000-00052","article-title":"Transcollicular approach to intrinsic tectal lesions","volume":"44","author":"Kaku","year":"1999","journal-title":"Neurosurgery"},{"issue":"4","key":"bib5-20240909","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"641","DOI":"10.1227\/00006123-199004000-00013","article-title":"Microsurgery of midbrain lesions","volume":"26","author":"Pendl","year":"1990","journal-title":"Neurosurgery"},{"issue":"2","key":"bib6-20240909","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"186","DOI":"10.1227\/00006123-199208000-00003","article-title":"Focal midbrain tumors in children","volume":"31","author":"Vandertop","year":"1992","journal-title":"Neurosurgery"},{"issue":"1","key":"bib7-20240909","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"41","DOI":"10.1016\/S0090-3019(99)00165-2","article-title":"Surgical treatment of primary midbrain gliomas","volume":"53","author":"Wang","year":"2000","journal-title":"Surg Neurol"},{"issue":"6","key":"bib8-20240909","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"847","DOI":"10.1016\/0360-3016(87)90098-8","article-title":"Radiation therapy of tumors of the brainstem and midbrain in children: Experience of the joint center for radiation therapy and children's hospital medical center (1971-1981)","volume":"13","author":"Eifel","year":"1987","journal-title":"Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys"},{"issue":"2","key":"bib9-20240909","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"247","DOI":"10.1007\/s00701-014-2299-y","article-title":"Gamma Knife radiosurgery for low-grade tectal gliomas","volume":"157","author":"El-Shehaby","year":"2015","journal-title":"Acta Neurochir (Wien)"},{"issue":"4","key":"bib10-20240909","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"735","DOI":"10.1097\/00006123-200204000-00009","article-title":"Management strategy for adult patients with dorsal midbrain gliomas","volume":"50","author":"Yeh","year":"2002","journal-title":"Neurosurgery"},{"issue":"6","key":"bib11-20240909","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"964","DOI":"10.3171\/jns.1999.91.6.0964","article-title":"Neuroendoscopic approach to tectal tumors: a consecutive series","volume":"91","author":"Oka","year":"1999","journal-title":"J Neurosurg"},{"issue":"4","key":"bib12-20240909","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"170","DOI":"10.1159\/000028857","article-title":"Management of intrinsic gliomas of the tectal plate in children. 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