{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,7]],"date-time":"2026-08-07T17:45:12Z","timestamp":1786124712492,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,7,31]],"date-time":"2018-07-31T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1532995200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/journals\/pages\/open_access\/funder_policies\/chorus\/standard_publication_model"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Oper. Neurosurg.","ONSURG"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>BACKGROUND<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The origin of the ophthalmic artery is within the surgical field of endoscopic endonasal approaches (EEAs) to the suprasellar and parasellar regions. However, its anatomy from the endoscopic point-of-view has not been adequately elucidated.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>OBJECTIVE<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To highlight the anatomy of the ophthalmic artery origin from an endoscopic endonasal perspective.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>METHODS<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The origin of the ophthalmic artery was studied bilaterally under endoscopic visualization, after performing transplanum\/transtubercular EEAs in 17 cadaveric specimens (34 arteries). Anatomic relationships relevant to surgery were evaluated. To complement the cadaveric findings, the ophthalmic artery origin was reviewed in 200 \u201cnormal\u201d angiographic studies.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>RESULTS<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>On the right side, 70.6% of ophthalmic arteries emerged from the superior aspect, while 17.6% and 11.8% emerged from the superomedial and superolateral aspects of the intradural internal carotid artery, respectively. On the left, 76.5%, 17.6%, and 5.9% of ophthalmic arteries emerged from the superior, superomedial, and superolateral aspects of the internal carotid, respectively. Similar findings were observed on angiography. All ophthalmic arteries emerged at the level of the medial opticocarotid recess. Overall, 47%, 26.5%, and 26.5% of ophthalmic arteries (right and left) were inferolateral, inferior, and inferomedial to the intracranial optic nerve segment, respectively. On both sides, the intracranial length of the ophthalmic artery ranged from 1.5 to 4.5 mm (mean: 2.90\u00a0\u00b1\u00a0standard deviation of 0.74 mm).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>CONCLUSION<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Awareness of the endoscopic nuances of the ophthalmic artery origin is paramount to minimize the risk of sight-threatening neurovascular injury during EEAs to the suprasellar and parasellar regions.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/ons\/opy188","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,7,31]],"date-time":"2018-07-31T06:15:47Z","timestamp":1533017747000},"page":"478-485","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Anatomic Nuances of the Ophthalmic Artery Origin from a Ventral Viewpoint: Considerations and Implications for Endoscopic Endonasal Surgery"],"prefix":"10.1227","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Cristian A","family":"Naudy","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio"},{"name":"Department of Skull Base Surgery, Neurosurgical Institute Doctor Asenjo, Providencia, Santiago, Chile"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8527-1517","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Juan C","family":"Yanez-Siller","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology\u2013Head and Neck Surgery, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Paulo M","family":"Mesquita Filho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio"},{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, Passo Fundo City Hospital, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Matias","family":"Gomez G.","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology\u2013Head and Neck Surgery, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio"},{"name":"Department of Skull Base Surgery, Neurosurgical Institute Doctor Asenjo, Providencia, Santiago, Chile"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bradley A","family":"Otto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio"},{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology\u2013Head and Neck Surgery, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ricardo L","family":"Carrau","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio"},{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology\u2013Head and Neck Surgery, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daniel M","family":"Prevedello","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio"},{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology\u2013Head and Neck Surgery, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,4]]},"reference":[{"issue":"5","key":"bib1-20240910","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"747","DOI":"10.1016\/j.otc.2009.07.010","article-title":"Evolution of the endoscope and endoscopic sinus surgery","volume":"42","author":"Chandra","year":"2009","journal-title":"Otolaryngol Clin North Am"},{"issue":"3","key":"bib2-20240910","first-page":"199","article-title":"Possibilities and limitations of endoscopic management of nasal and paranasal sinus malignancies","volume":"53","author":"Stammberger","year":"1999","journal-title":"Acta Otorhinolaryngol Belg"},{"issue":"1","key":"bib3-20240910","first-page":"1","article-title":"Expanded endonasal approach: fully endoscopic, completely transnasal approach to the middle third of the clivus, petrous bone, middle cranial fossa, and infratemporal fossa","volume":"19","author":"Kassam","year":"2005","journal-title":"Neurosurg Focus"},{"issue":"1","key":"bib4-20240910","first-page":"E3","article-title":"Expanded endonasal approach: the rostrocaudal axis. Part I. Crista galli to the sella turcica","volume":"19","author":"Kassam","year":"2005","journal-title":"Neurosurg Focus"},{"issue":"1","key":"bib5-20240910","first-page":"E4","article-title":"Expanded endonasal approach: the rostrocaudal axis. Part II. Posterior clinoids to the foramen magnum","volume":"19","author":"Kassam","year":"2005","journal-title":"Neurosurg Focus"},{"key":"bib6-20240910","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"151","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-211-72283-1_4","article-title":"Extended endoscopic endonasal approach to the midline skull base: the evolving role of transsphenoidal surgery","volume":"33","author":"Cappabianca","year":"2008","journal-title":"Adv Tech Stand Neurosurg"},{"issue":"4","key":"bib7-20240910","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"699","DOI":"10.1097\/MLG.0b013e318031c817","article-title":"Acquisition of surgical skills for endonasal skull base surgery: a training program","volume":"117","author":"Snyderman","year":"2007","journal-title":"Laryngoscope"},{"issue":"6","key":"bib8-20240910","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1544","DOI":"10.3171\/2010.10.JNS09406","article-title":"Endoscopic endonasal skull base surgery: analysis of complications in the authors' initial 800 patients","volume":"114","author":"Kassam","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Neurosurg"},{"issue":"6","key":"bib9-20240910","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"E9","DOI":"10.3171\/2016.9.FOCUS16292","article-title":"The learning curve in endoscopic endonasal resection of craniopharyngiomas","volume":"41","author":"Kshettry","year":"2016","journal-title":"Neurosurg Focus"},{"issue":"1","key":"bib10-20240910","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"142","DOI":"10.3171\/jns.2007.106.1.142","article-title":"A microsurgical study of the anatomy and course of the ophthalmic artery and its possibly dangerous anastomoses","volume":"106","author":"Perrini","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Neurosurg"},{"issue":"4 Suppl","key":"bib11-20240910","first-page":"S303","article-title":"The orbit","volume":"51","author":"Rhoton","year":"2002","journal-title":"Neurosurgery"},{"issue":"3","key":"bib12-20240910","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"213","DOI":"10.1007\/s10143-006-0028-6","article-title":"Anatomic features of the intracranial and intracanalicular portions of ophthalmic artery: for the surgical procedures","volume":"29","author":"Erdogmus","year":"2006","journal-title":"Neurosurg Rev"},{"issue":"7","key":"bib13-20240910","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1343","DOI":"10.1007\/s00701-016-2797-1","article-title":"Endoscopic endonasal anatomy of the ophthalmic artery in the optic canal","volume":"158","author":"Zoli","year":"2016","journal-title":"Acta Neurochir"},{"issue":"Suppl 3","key":"bib14-20240910","first-page":"431","article-title":"Endoscopic endonasal approach to the optic canal","volume":"11","author":"Abhinav","year":"2015","journal-title":"Neurosurgery"},{"issue":"3","key":"bib15-20240910","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"257","DOI":"10.1007\/s00276-010-0734-1","article-title":"Endoscopic transsphenoidal optic nerve decompression: an anatomical study","volume":"33","author":"Locatelli","year":"2011","journal-title":"Surg Radiol Anat"},{"issue":"Suppl 3","key":"bib16-20240910","first-page":"448","article-title":"A road map to the internal carotid artery in expanded endoscopic endonasal approaches to the ventral cranial base","volume":"10","author":"Labib","year":"2014","journal-title":"Neurosurgery"},{"issue":"1","key":"bib17-20240910","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"E154","DOI":"10.1227\/NEU.0000000000000770","article-title":"In reply: An endoscopic roadmap of the internal carotid artery","volume":"77","author":"Kassam","year":"2015","journal-title":"Neurosurgery"},{"issue":"1 Suppl Operative","key":"bib18-20240910","first-page":"66","article-title":"The medial opticocarotid recess: an anatomic study of an endoscopic \u201ckey landmark\u201d for the ventral cranial base","volume":"72","author":"Labib","year":"2013","journal-title":"Neurosurgery"},{"issue":"6","key":"bib19-20240910","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"E6","DOI":"10.3171\/2013.8.FOCUS13338","article-title":"Endoscopic extended transsphenoidal resection of tuberculum sellae meningiomas: nuances of neurosurgical technique","volume":"35","author":"Kulwin","year":"2013","journal-title":"Neurosurg Focus"},{"issue":"4","key":"bib20-20240910","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"715","DOI":"10.3171\/JNS\/2008\/108\/4\/0715","article-title":"Expanded endonasal approach, a fully endoscopic transnasal approach for the resection of midline suprasellar craniopharyngiomas: a new classification based on the infundibulum","volume":"108","author":"Kassam","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Neurosurg"},{"issue":"4","key":"bib21-20240910","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"326","DOI":"10.1016\/j.wneu.2010.01.015","article-title":"Surgical limits in transnasal approach to opticocarotid region and planum sphenoidale: an anatomic cadaveric study","volume":"73","author":"Ozcan","year":"2010","journal-title":"World Neurosurg"},{"issue":"5","key":"bib22-20240910","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"E2","DOI":"10.3171\/2011.3.FOCUS115","article-title":"Surgical nuances for removal of tuberculum sellae meningiomas with optic canal involvement using the endoscopic endonasal extended transsphenoidal transplanum transtuberculum approach","volume":"30","author":"Liu","year":"2011","journal-title":"Neurosurg Focus"},{"issue":"3","key":"bib23-20240910","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"483","DOI":"10.1007\/s10143-016-0715-x","article-title":"Ophthalmic artery originating from the anterior cerebral artery: anatomo-radiological study, histological analysis, and literature review","volume":"39","author":"Belotti","year":"2016","journal-title":"Neurosurg Rev"},{"issue":"5","key":"bib24-20240910","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"576","DOI":"10.1002\/ca.22470","article-title":"Different ophthalmic artery origins: Embryology and clinical significance","volume":"28","author":"Louw","year":"2015","journal-title":"Clin Anat"},{"issue":"6","key":"bib25-20240910","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1284","DOI":"10.1002\/lary.25050","article-title":"Endoscopic endonasal anatomical study of the cavernous sinus segment of the ophthalmic nerve","volume":"125","author":"Dolci","year":"2015","journal-title":"Laryngoscope"},{"issue":"1","key":"bib26-20240910","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"144","DOI":"10.1227\/01.NEU.0000370892.11284.EA","article-title":"Avoiding injury to the abducens nerve during expanded endonasal endoscopic surgery","volume":"67","author":"Barges-coll","year":"2010","journal-title":"Neurosurgery"},{"issue":"1","key":"bib27-20240910","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"138","DOI":"10.1227\/NEU.0000000000001180","article-title":"Managing arterial injury in endoscopic skull base surgery: Case series and review of the literature","volume":"13","author":"Lal gangadharan","year":"2017","journal-title":"Oper Neurosurg (Hagerstown)"},{"key":"bib28-20240910","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"139","DOI":"10.1016\/j.wneu.2016.05.094","article-title":"Analysis of the medial opticocarotid recess in patients with pituitary macroadenoma using three-dimensional images","volume":"93","author":"Kikuchi","year":"2016","journal-title":"World Neurosurg"},{"issue":"7","key":"bib29-20240910","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e198","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcms.2011.10.008","article-title":"Anatomical aspects in the transsphenoidal-transethmoidal approach to the optic canal: an anatomic-cadaveric study","volume":"40","author":"Yilmazlar","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Craniomaxillofac Surg"},{"issue":"1","key":"bib30-20240910","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"60","DOI":"10.3171\/2017.2.JNS162114","article-title":"A morphometric survey of the parasellar region in more than 2700 skulls: emphasis on the middle clinoid process variants and implications in endoscopic and microsurgical approaches","volume":"129","author":"Sharma","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Neurosurg"},{"issue":"06","key":"bib31-20240910","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"386","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0033-1347370","article-title":"Endoscopic endonasal transplanum approach to the paraclinoid internal carotid artery","volume":"74","author":"Lai","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Neurol Surg B"},{"issue":"6","key":"bib32-20240910","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"873","DOI":"10.1097\/00005537-199806000-00016","article-title":"Endoscopic optic nerve decompression: the Graz experience","volume":"108","author":"Luxenberger","year":"1998","journal-title":"Laryngoscope"},{"issue":"6","key":"bib33-20240910","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1670","DOI":"10.1097\/SCS.0b013e31818b4316","article-title":"Transsphenoidal optic nerve decompression","volume":"19","author":"Li","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Craniofac Surg"}],"container-title":["Operative Neurosurgery"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/academic.oup.com\/ons\/article-pdf\/16\/4\/478\/30212511\/opy188.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ovid.com\/01787389-201904000-00010","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,7]],"date-time":"2026-08-07T16:44:39Z","timestamp":1786121079000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ovid.com\/01787389-201904000-00010"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2018,7,31]]},"references-count":33,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/ons\/opy188","relation":{},"ISSN":["2332-4252","2332-4260"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2332-4252","type":"print"},{"value":"2332-4260","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2018,7,31]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2018-01-31","name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2018-07-16","name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}