{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,7]],"date-time":"2026-08-07T17:54:26Z","timestamp":1786125266021,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":15,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,8,23]],"date-time":"2019-08-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1566518400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/journals\/pages\/open_access\/funder_policies\/chorus\/standard_publication_model"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Operative Surg.","ONSURG"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,5]]},"abstract":"Abstract<\/jats:title>\n \n BACKGROUND<\/jats:title>\n Radiofrequency rhizotomy is a percutaneous procedure for trigeminal neuralgia frequently performed with intermittent awakening, although the utility and accuracy of this procedure in continuously sedated patients have not yet been evaluated.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n OBJECTIVE<\/jats:title>\n To evaluate pain relief in patients with trigeminal neuralgia undergoing radiofrequency rhizotomy under continuous sedation.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n METHODS<\/jats:title>\n Patients from 2012 to 2017 who underwent radiofrequency rhizotomy for trigeminal neuralgia were evaluated retrospectively. Barrow Neurological Institute Pain Intensity scores were assigned to determine relapse at 1 mo, 1 yr, 3 yr, and 5 yr. Descriptive relapse rates for patients with multiple sclerosis and those undergoing repeat procedures are also reported.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n RESULTS<\/jats:title>\n \n A total of 90.8% of procedures reported Barrow Neurological Institute I-III score at 1 mo (\n P<\/jats:italic>\n \u00a0<\u00a0.0001), 66.3% at 1 yr (\n P<\/jats:italic>\n \u00a0=\u00a0.0012), and 71.1% at 3 yr (\n P<\/jats:italic>\n \u00a0=\u00a0.0003). Duration to relapse was 3.0 and 6.0 at 1 and 3 yr, respectively. Procedures in patients with multiple sclerosis reported 100% relief at 1 mo and 87.5% relief at 1 yr (\n P<\/jats:italic>\n \u00a0=\u00a0.0099). The presence of numbness and postoperative medication changes were not associated with pain relief (\n P<\/jats:italic>\n \u00a0=\u00a0.0063,\n P<\/jats:italic>\n \u00a0=\u00a0.1338).\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n CONCLUSION<\/jats:title>\n The use of continuous sedation in radiofrequency rhizotomy for trigeminal neuralgia provides pain relief comparable to the recorded literature rate for procedures with intermittent awakening.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/ons\/opz215","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,8,23]],"date-time":"2019-08-23T20:54:25Z","timestamp":1566593665000},"page":"551-558","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["A Retrospective Review of the Outcomes and Utility of Percutaneous Radiofrequency Rhizotomy for Trigeminal Neuralgia Using Anatomic Landmark Guidance in Asleep Patients"],"prefix":"10.1227","volume":"18","author":[{"given":"Lauren E","family":"Stone","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Steven M","family":"Falowski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, St. Luke's University Health Network, Bethlehem, Pennsylvania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,5]]},"reference":[{"issue":"clin sect","key":"bib1-20231016","first-page":"115","article-title":"Three cases of alcohol injection of the gasserian ganglion for trigeminal neuralgia","volume":"5","author":"Harris","year":"1912","journal-title":"Proc R Soc Med"},{"issue":"3","key":"bib2-20231016","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"421","DOI":"10.1227\/NEU.0000000000001059","article-title":"Percutaneous balloon compression versus percutaneous retrogasserian glycerol rhizotomy for the primary treatment of trigeminal neuralgia","volume":"78","author":"Asplund","year":"2016","journal-title":"Neurosurgery"},{"issue":"1","key":"bib3-20231016","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"175","DOI":"10.1227\/01.neu.0000489760.43274.b0","article-title":"Comparing percutaneous treatments of trigeminal neuralgia with long-term outcomes","volume":"63","author":"Noorani","year":"2016","journal-title":"Neurosurgery"},{"issue":"suppl 1","key":"bib4-20231016","first-page":"25","article-title":"A review of percutaneous treatments for trigeminal neuralgia","volume":"10","author":"Cheng","year":"2014","journal-title":"Neurosurgery"},{"issue":"8","key":"bib5-20231016","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2177","DOI":"10.1097\/SCS.0000000000003138","article-title":"The angular relationship between the foramen ovale and the trigeminal impression: percutaneous cannulation trajectories for trigeminal neuralgia","volume":"27","author":"Zdilla","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Craniofac Surg"},{"issue":"1","key":"bib6-20231016","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"61","DOI":"10.1002\/ca.22330","article-title":"Microsurgical anatomy of the trigeminal nerve","volume":"27","author":"Joo","year":"2014","journal-title":"Clin Anat"},{"issue":"6","key":"bib7-20231016","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1231","DOI":"10.3171\/2008.6.17604","article-title":"Classification of trigeminal neuralgia: clinical, therapeutic, and prognostic implications in a series of 144 patients undergoing microvascular decompression","volume":"111","author":"Miller","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Neurosurg"},{"issue":"4","key":"bib9-20231016","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"585","DOI":"10.4103\/ajns.AJNS_67_14","article-title":"Trigeminal neuralgia","volume":"12","author":"Yadav","year":"2017","journal-title":"Asian J Neurosurg"},{"key":"bib10-20231016","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"220","DOI":"10.1016\/j.wneu.2017.03.126","article-title":"Trigeminal neuralgia: toward a multimodal approach","volume":"103","author":"Spina","year":"2017","journal-title":"World Neurosurg"},{"issue":"5","key":"bib11-20231016","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1048","DOI":"10.3171\/2014.1.JNS131410","article-title":"Trigeminal neuralgia occurs and recurs in the absence of neurovascular compression","volume":"120","author":"Lee","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Neurosurg"},{"issue":"3","key":"bib12-20231016","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"E514","DOI":"10.1227\/NEU.0000000000001343","article-title":"Commentary: percutaneous balloon compression vs percutaneous retrogasserian glycerol rhizotomy for the primary treatment of trigeminal neuralgia","volume":"79","author":"Gooch","year":"2016","journal-title":"Neurosurgery"},{"key":"bib12a-20231016","first-page":"254","article-title":"Pain and the Neurosurgeon","author":"White","year":"1969"},{"issue":"7","key":"bib13-20231016","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e688","DOI":"10.1097\/SCS.0000000000002971","article-title":"Comparison of the efficacy of reoperation, percutaneous radiofrequency thermocoagulation when microvascular decompression of trigeminal neuralgia is invalid","volume":"27","author":"Zhang","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Craniofac Surg"},{"issue":"1","key":"bib14-20231016","first-page":"63","article-title":"Pulsed radiofrequency for treating trigeminal neuralgia","volume":"18","author":"Abd-Elsayed","year":"2018","journal-title":"Ochsner J"},{"issue":"40","key":"bib15-20231016","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e4940","DOI":"10.1097\/MD.0000000000004940","article-title":"Percutaneous radiofrequency thermocoagulation for trigeminal neuralgia using neuronavigation-guided puncture from a mandibular angle","volume":"95","author":"Ding","year":"2016","journal-title":"Medicine (Baltimore)"}],"container-title":["Operative 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