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Our study aimed to address the limitations of prior neuroimaging studies of loneliness by leveraging the Lifespan Human Connectome Project Aging dataset and applying graph theory to characterize its relationship with age and resting-state brain network organization. Socio-demographic measures confirmed prior work that higher loneliness was associated with younger age, being male, unmarried, and living alone. While loneliness showed no main effects on neural graph measures, a significant interaction between loneliness and age emerged for the local interconnectivity of the Default Model and Frontoparietal networks after adjusting for key socio-demographic factors. Conversely, older age was associated with lower functional connectivity, reduced global efficiency, and less modular brain network organization. Different graph measures showed distinct age-related associations, highlighting the heterogeneous nature of brain aging. The absence of a main effect of loneliness, while unexpected, underscores the complex, subjective nature of loneliness and suggests that its neural correlates may manifest differently across ages.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/oons\/kvag006","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,17]],"date-time":"2026-07-17T11:45:07Z","timestamp":1784288707000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Social disconnection in the brain: loneliness and age across networks using graph theory"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"5","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7974-1132","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yen-Wen","family":"Chen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology, Stony Brook University, 100 Nicolls Road, West Campus , Stony Brook, NY 11794-2500 ,","place":["United States"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Turhan","family":"Canli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology, Stony Brook University, 100 Nicolls Road, West Campus , Stony Brook, NY 11794-2500 ,","place":["United States"]},{"name":"Department of Psychiatry, Stony Brook University, 101 Nicolls Road, East Campus , Stony Brook, NY 11794-8101 ,","place":["United States"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026081106170882100_ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e17","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pcbi.0030017","article-title":"Efficiency and cost of economical brain functional networks","volume":"3","author":"Achard","year":"2007","journal-title":"PLoS Comput Biol"},{"key":"2026081106170882100_ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"183","DOI":"10.1016\/J.JNEUMETH.2015.05.020","article-title":"Test-retest reliability of graph metrics of resting state MRI functional brain networks: a review","volume":"253","author":"Andellini","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Neurosci Methods"},{"key":"2026081106170882100_ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"29","DOI":"10.1111\/NYAS.12360","article-title":"The default network and self-generated thought: component processes, dynamic control, and clinical relevance","volume":"1316","author":"Andrews-Hanna","year":"2014","journal-title":"Ann N Y Acad Sci"},{"key":"2026081106170882100_ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"345","DOI":"10.1016\/J.NEUROIMAGE.2014.07.067","article-title":"Changes in structural and functional connectivity among resting-state networks across the human lifespan","volume":"102","author":"Betzel","year":"2014","journal-title":"NeuroImage"},{"key":"2026081106170882100_ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"97","DOI":"10.1186\/s12888-017-1262-x","article-title":"Loneliness in the general population: prevalence, determinants and relations to mental health","volume":"17","author":"Beutel","year":"2017","journal-title":"BMC Psychiatry"},{"key":"2026081106170882100_ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"181","DOI":"10.1037\/dev0000453","article-title":"Do the antecedents and consequences of loneliness change from middle adulthood into old age?","volume":"54","author":"B\u00f6ger","year":"2018","journal-title":"Dev Psychol"},{"key":"2026081106170882100_ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"335","DOI":"10.1016\/J.NEUROIMAGE.2018.10.009","article-title":"The lifespan human connectome project in aging: an overview","volume":"185","author":"Bookheimer","year":"2019","journal-title":"NeuroImage"},{"key":"2026081106170882100_ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/S41598-022-11724-5","article-title":"Loneliness inside of the brain: evidence from a large dataset of resting-state fMRI in young adult","volume":"12","author":"Brilliant","year":"2022","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"2026081106170882100_ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.15288\/JSA.1994.55.149","article-title":"A new, semi-structured psychiatric interview for use in genetic linkage studies: a report on the reliability of the SSAGA","volume":"55","author":"Bucholz","year":"2015"},{"key":"2026081106170882100_ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"186","DOI":"10.1038\/nrn2575","article-title":"Complex brain networks: graph theoretical analysis of structural and functional systems. 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