{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,30]],"date-time":"2026-09-30T12:29:41Z","timestamp":1790771381642,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":13,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,2,11]],"date-time":"2019-02-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1549843200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/journals\/pages\/open_access\/funder_policies\/chorus\/standard_publication_model"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,3,13]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>High-flow nasal cannula (HFNC) is a form of noninvasive respiratory support used for paediatric acute respiratory illnesses. Past HFNC research has focused on its use in bronchiolitis and in intensive care units, but little is reported on its use in the community hospital setting. We aimed to investigate the paediatric population using HFNC, any adverse events, and risk factors for deterioration.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>A retrospective chart review was performed on patients admitted to a community paediatric ward. Inclusion criteria were patients between 1 day and 17 years of age, admitted between September 2013 and April 2016, and treated with HFNC for at least 4 hours.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>A total of 85 children met inclusion criteria. The average age of patients in our study was 3.41 years with 39% of patients &amp;gt;2 years of age. 46% of patients had an admitting diagnosis of bronchiolitis, 33% pneumonia, and 16% with asthma. Transfer rate to tertiary care centre paediatric intensive care unit was 18%. Patients transferred required greater FIO2 (odds ratio [OR] 1.04, P=0.018, confidence interval [CI] 1.007 to 1.082), and were 3.2 times more likely to be positive for respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) (P=0.081, CI 0.868\u201311.739). There were no adverse events attributed to HFNC in the population.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>HFNC is being utilized in the community hospital setting for children of varied age and types of respiratory illnesses. Children requiring higher FIO2 are at risk of respiratory deterioration which may identify them earlier for transfer to tertiary care. Further research into the safety and efficacy of HFNC for different paediatric illnesses in the community is needed.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/pch\/pxy123","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,2,11]],"date-time":"2019-02-11T16:54:39Z","timestamp":1549904079000},"page":"102-106","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Uses of high-flow nasal cannula on the community paediatric ward and risk factors for deterioration"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"25","author":[{"given":"Diana","family":"De Santis","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Michael G. DeGroote School of Medicine, McMaster University, Waterloo Regional Campus, Kitchener, Ontario"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Falana","family":"Sheriff","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Michael G. DeGroote School of Medicine, McMaster University, Waterloo Regional Campus, Kitchener, Ontario"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Deborah","family":"Bester","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Respiratory Therapy, Grand River Hospital, Kitchener, Ontario"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rabia","family":"Shahab","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Data Integration and Reporting Specialist Department, Grand River Hospital, Kitchener, Ontario"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Carolyn","family":"Hutzal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Grand River Hospital, Kitchener, Ontario"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,2,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"2020120806432940700_CIT0001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"29","DOI":"10.1186\/s13613-014-0029-5","article-title":"High-flow nasal cannula: Recommendations for daily practice in pediatrics","volume":"4","author":"Mil\u00e9si","year":"2014","journal-title":"Ann Intensive Care"},{"issue":"9","key":"2020120806432940700_CIT0002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"897","DOI":"10.1111\/jpc.13564","article-title":"Humidified high-flow nasal cannula oxygen in bronchiolitis reduces need for invasive ventilation but not intensive care admission","volume":"53","author":"Goh","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Paediatr Child Health"},{"issue":"12","key":"2020120806432940700_CIT0003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1649","DOI":"10.1007\/s00431-013-2094-4","article-title":"High-flow nasal cannula oxygen for bronchiolitis in a pediatric ward: A pilot study","volume":"172","author":"Bressan","year":"2013","journal-title":"Eur J Pediatr"},{"issue":"3","key":"2020120806432940700_CIT0004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e939","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2011-3767","article-title":"Serious air leak syndrome complicating high-flow nasal cannula therapy: A report of 3 cases","volume":"131","author":"Hegde","year":"2013","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"issue":"12","key":"2020120806432940700_CIT0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1393","DOI":"10.1002\/ppul.23467","article-title":"High-flow oxygen therapy is more cost-effective for bronchiolitis than standard treatment-A decision-tree analysis","volume":"51","author":"Heikkil\u00e4","year":"2016","journal-title":"Pediatr Pulmonol"},{"issue":"8","key":"2020120806432940700_CIT0006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e368","DOI":"10.1111\/apa.13444","article-title":"Using a high-flow nasal cannula provided superior results to low-flow oxygen delivery in moderate to severe bronchiolitis","volume":"105","author":"Milani","year":"2016","journal-title":"Acta Paediatr"},{"issue":"12","key":"2020120806432940700_CIT0007","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1121","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1714855","article-title":"A randomized trial of high-flow oxygen therapy in infants with bronchiolitis","volume":"378","author":"Franklin","year":"2018","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"2","key":"2020120806432940700_CIT0008","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"198","DOI":"10.1111\/1742-6723.12741","article-title":"Paediatric high-flow nasal cannula therapy in children with bronchiolitis: A retrospective safety and efficacy study in a non-tertiary environment","volume":"29","author":"Davison","year":"2017","journal-title":"Emerg Med Australas"},{"issue":"10072","key":"2020120806432940700_CIT0009","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"930","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(17)30061-2","article-title":"High-flow warm humidified oxygen versus standard low-flow nasal cannula oxygen for moderate bronchiolitis (HFWHO RCT): An open, phase 4, randomised controlled trial","volume":"389","author":"Kepreotes","year":"2017","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"8","key":"2020120806432940700_CIT0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"790","DOI":"10.1136\/archdischild-2014-306637","article-title":"Use of high flow nasal cannula oxygen (HFNCO) in infants with bronchiolitis on a paediatric ward: A 3-year experience","volume":"99","author":"Kallappa","year":"2014","journal-title":"Arch Dis Child"},{"issue":"10","key":"2020120806432940700_CIT0011","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1105","DOI":"10.1002\/sim.4154","article-title":"On the C-statistics for evaluating overall adequacy of risk prediction procedures with censored survival data","volume":"30","author":"Uno","year":"2011","journal-title":"Stat 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