{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,21]],"date-time":"2025-09-21T18:22:24Z","timestamp":1758478944705},"reference-count":18,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,3,20]],"date-time":"2019-03-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1553040000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/journals\/pages\/open_access\/funder_policies\/chorus\/standard_publication_model"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p>Within the paediatric population, changing patterns of circumcisions have confounded the epidemiology and presentation of lichen sclerosus (LS). We sought to evaluate the incidence, demographics, and clinical features of patients presenting to a single Albertan paediatric urologist with LS. This retrospective descriptive analysis evaluated all paediatric patients referred for phimosis to a single paediatric urologist in Edmonton, Alberta. Chief complaints\/symptoms, date of birth, and date of circumcision were identified. The primary outcome of interest was the proportion of circumcisions with pathologically confirmed LS. From July 2006 to March 2016, 4,163 patients were seen for phimosis of the approximate 12,000 new referrals. Hundred phimosis patients had clinically suspected LS. Of those adequately reported, 81 (81\/83) were microscopically confirmed to be LS with a mean age of 9.6 years and median age of 8.9 years (range 4.1 to 16.1 years). This cohort represented 2.0% of phimosis referrals and approximately 0.7% of all referrals to our paediatric urologist. When compared to physiologic phimosis, these patients had higher rates of dysuria (n=28, 34.6% versus n=1, 1.0%, P&amp;lt;0.0001) and urinary retention (n=18, 22.2% versus n=1, 1.0%, P&amp;lt;0.0001) as presenting complaints. LS of the paediatric male genitalia is an uncommon, albeit clinically significant disease entity. The clinical diagnosis for the trained practitioner is very accurate.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/pch\/pxy172","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,3,20]],"date-time":"2019-03-20T21:28:03Z","timestamp":1553117283000},"page":"241-245","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["An epidemiologic overview of a tertiary referral practice for male paediatric lichen sclerosus"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"25","author":[{"given":"Dylan Thomas","family":"Hoare","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Peter","family":"Metcalfe","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta"},{"name":"Division of Pediatric Surgery, Department of Surgery, Stollery Children\u2019s Hospital, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,3,20]]},"reference":[{"issue":"4","key":"2020061019043239700_CIT0001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"699","DOI":"10.1111\/jdv.13867","article-title":"New insights into potential risk factors and associations in genital lichen sclerosus: Data from a multicentre Italian study on 729 consecutive cases","volume":"31","author":"Virgili","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol"},{"key":"2020061019043239700_CIT0002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"127","DOI":"10.1016\/j.urology.2016.02.033","article-title":"Current practice patterns among members of the American Urological Association for male genitourinary lichen sclerosus","volume":"92","author":"Osterberg","year":"2016","journal-title":"Urology"},{"issue":"1","key":"2020061019043239700_CIT0003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"62","DOI":"10.1308\/003588407X160828","article-title":"Paediatric preputial pathology: Are we circumcising enough?","volume":"89","author":"Yardley","year":"2007","journal-title":"Ann R Coll Surg Engl"},{"issue":"1","key":"2020061019043239700_CIT0004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"34","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpurol.2013.09.027","article-title":"Balanitis xerotica obliterans in children and adolescents: A literature review and clinical series","volume":"10","author":"Celis","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Pediatr Urol"},{"issue":"4","key":"2020061019043239700_CIT0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"305","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1525-1470.2005.22404.x","article-title":"High incidence of balanitis xerotica obliterans in boys with phimosis: Prospective 10-year 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Dermatol"},{"issue":"1","key":"2020061019043239700_CIT0012","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"84","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2014.02.019","article-title":"A double-blind, randomized prospective study evaluating topical clobetasol propionate 0.05% versus topical tacrolimus 0.1% in patients with vulvar lichen sclerosus","volume":"71","author":"Funaro","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Am Acad Dermatol"},{"issue":"10","key":"2020061019043239700_CIT0013","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e1","DOI":"10.1111\/jdv.13136","article-title":"Evidence-based (S3) guideline on (anogenital) lichen sclerosus","volume":"29","author":"Kirtschig","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol"},{"issue":"2","key":"2020061019043239700_CIT0014","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"111","DOI":"10.4103\/0019-5154.152501","article-title":"Male genital lichen sclerosus","volume":"60","author":"Bunker","year":"2015","journal-title":"Indian J 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