{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,3]],"date-time":"2026-06-03T23:28:13Z","timestamp":1780529293926,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":19,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,28]],"date-time":"2022-02-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1646006400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"MixITiN","award":["766327"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["766327"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,24]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p>Ciliate conjugation is considered a rare event to encounter in the field and it is mostly reported from cultures. In this work, we describe a synchronized conjugation event of planktonic ciliates that was discovered twice; in September 2019, at two different locations in the Cretan Sea, Eastern Mediterranean, and in October 2020. In 2019, first, at 2\u00a0m depth of the coastal station POSEIDON-HCB, in samples fixed with acid Lugol and formaldehyde, we found 340 and 200 mating pairs L\u22121of different ciliate species, respectively; and second, at the Heraklion port, we found 220 mating pairs L\u22121 of Strombidinopsis sp. and 1960 mating pairs L\u22121 of Strombidium sp. At the Heraklion port visited again in 2020, we found 800 mating pairs L\u22121 of Strombidinopsis sp. and 200 mating pairs L\u22121 of Strombidium sp. Since detailed descriptions of conjugation in pelagic oligotrich ciliates are missing, our observations indicate that ciliate conjugation could be a frequent and periodic phenomenon, under specific conditions.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/plankt\/fbac012","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,11]],"date-time":"2022-02-11T12:14:55Z","timestamp":1644581695000},"page":"333-336","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Sex in the wild: repeated observations of planktonic ciliate conjugation from field samples"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"44","author":[{"given":"Filomena","family":"Romano","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Oceanography , , PO Box 2214, 71003 Heraklion, Greece"},{"name":"Hellenic Centre for Marine Research , , PO Box 2214, 71003 Heraklion, Greece"},{"name":"University of Copenhagen , Marine Biological Laboratory, Strandpromenaden 5, Helsing\u00f8r DK-3000, Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Katerina","family":"Symiakaki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Oceanography , , PO Box 2214, 71003 Heraklion, Greece"},{"name":"Hellenic Centre for Marine Research , , PO Box 2214, 71003 Heraklion, Greece"},{"name":"Leibniz Institute of Freshwater Ecology and Inland Fisheries (IGB) Dep. 3 , Plankton and Microbial Ecology Zur alten Fischerh\u00fctte 2 16775 Stechlin\/OT Neuglobsow, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Paraskevi","family":"Pitta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Oceanography , , PO Box 2214, 71003 Heraklion, Greece"},{"name":"Hellenic Centre for Marine Research , , PO Box 2214, 71003 Heraklion, Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"2023011112412798500_ref1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"239","DOI":"10.1002\/jcp.1040670206","article-title":"A circadian rhythm of mating type reversals in paramecium multimicronucleatum, syngen 2, and its genetic control","volume":"67","author":"Barnett","year":"1966","journal-title":"J. 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